Act I
Scene I
Enter Duke, Escalus, Lords and Attendants.
DUKEEscalus.
ESCALUSMy lord.
DUKEOf government the properties to unfold
Would seem in me t’ affect speech and discourse,
Since I am put to know that your own science
Exceeds, in that, the lists of all advice
My strength can give you. Then no more remains
But that, to your sufficiency, as your worth is able,
And let them work. The nature of our people,
Our city’s institutions, and the terms
For common justice, you’re as pregnant in
As art and practice hath enriched any
That we remember. There is our commission,
From which we would not have you warp.—Call hither,
I say, bid come before us, Angelo.
Exit an Attendant.
ESCALUSIf any in Vienna be of worth
To undergo such ample grace and honour,
It is Lord Angelo.
Enter Angelo.
DUKELook where he comes.
ANGELOAlways obedient to your Grace’s will,
I come to know your pleasure.
DUKEAngelo,
There is a kind of character in thy life
That to th’ observer doth thy history
Fully unfold. Thyself and thy belongings
Are not thine own so proper as to waste
Thyself upon thy virtues, they on thee.
Heaven doth with us as we with torches do,
Not light them for themselves; for if our virtues
Did not go forth of us, ’twere all alike
As if we had them not. Spirits are not finely touched
But to fine issues; nor nature never lends
The smallest scruple of her excellence
But, like a thrifty goddess, she determines
Herself the glory of a creditor,
Both thanks and use. But I do bend my speech
To one that can my part in him advertise.
Hold, therefore, Angelo.
In our remove be thou at full ourself.
Mortality and mercy in Vienna
Live in thy tongue and heart. Old Escalus,
Though first in question, is thy secondary.
Take thy commission.
ANGELONow, good my lord,
Let there be some more test made of my metal,
Before so noble and so great a figure
Be stamped upon it.
DUKENo more evasion.
We have with a leavened and prepared choice
Proceeded to you; therefore take your honours.
Our haste from hence is of so quick condition
That it prefers itself, and leaves unquestioned
Matters of needful value. We shall write to you,
As time and our concernings shall importune,
How it goes with us; and do look to know
What doth befall you here. So, fare you well.
To th’ hopeful execution do I leave you
Of your commissions.
ANGELOYet give leave, my lord,
That we may bring you something on the way.
DUKEMy haste may not admit it;
Nor need you, on mine honour, have to do
With any scruple. Your scope is as mine own,
So to enforce or qualify the laws
As to your soul seems good. Give me your hand;
I’ll privily away. I love the people,
But do not like to stage me to their eyes.
Though it do well, I do not relish well
Their loud applause and _Aves_ vehement;
Nor do I think the man of safe discretion
That does affect it. Once more, fare you well.
ANGELOThe heavens give safety to your purposes!
ESCALUSLead forth and bring you back in happiness.
DUKEI thank you. Fare you well.
Exit.
ESCALUSI shall desire you, sir, to give me leave
To have free speech with you; and it concerns me
To look into the bottom of my place.
A power I have, but of what strength and nature
I am not yet instructed.
ANGELO’Tis so with me. Let us withdraw together,
And we may soon our satisfaction have
Touching that point.
ESCALUSI’ll wait upon your honour.
Exeunt.
Scene II
Enter Lucio and two other Gentlemen.
LUCIOIf the Duke, with the other dukes, come not to composition with the
King of Hungary, why then all the dukes fall upon the King.
FIRST GENTLEMANHeaven grant us its peace, but not the King of Hungary’s!
SECOND GENTLEMANAmen.
LUCIOThou conclud’st like the sanctimonious pirate that went to sea with the
ten commandments, but scraped one out of the table.
SECOND GENTLEMAN“Thou shalt not steal”?
LUCIOAy, that he razed.
FIRST GENTLEMANWhy, ’twas a commandment to command the captain and all the rest from
their functions! They put forth to steal. There’s not a soldier of us
all that, in the thanksgiving before meat, do relish the petition well
that prays for peace.
SECOND GENTLEMANI never heard any soldier dislike it.
LUCIOI believe thee; for I think thou never wast where grace was said.
SECOND GENTLEMANNo? A dozen times at least.
FIRST GENTLEMANWhat? In metre?
LUCIOIn any proportion or in any language.
FIRST GENTLEMANI think, or in any religion.
LUCIOAy, why not? Grace is grace, despite of all controversy; as, for
example, thou thyself art a wicked villain, despite of all grace.
FIRST GENTLEMANWell, there went but a pair of shears between us.
LUCIOI grant, as there may between the lists and the velvet. Thou art the
list.
FIRST GENTLEMANAnd thou the velvet. Thou art good velvet; thou’rt a three-piled piece,
I warrant thee. I had as lief be a list of an English kersey as be
piled, as thou art piled, for a French velvet. Do I speak feelingly
now?
LUCIOI think thou dost, and indeed, with most painful feeling of thy speech.
I will, out of thine own confession, learn to begin thy health; but,
whilst I live, forget to drink after thee.
FIRST GENTLEMANI think I have done myself wrong, have I not?
SECOND GENTLEMANYes, that thou hast, whether thou art tainted or free.
Enter Mistress Overdone, a Bawd.
LUCIOBehold, behold, where Madam Mitigation comes! I have purchased as many
diseases under her roof as come to—
SECOND GENTLEMANTo what, I pray?
FIRST GENTLEMANJudge.
SECOND GENTLEMANTo three thousand dolours a year.
FIRST GENTLEMANAy, and more.
LUCIOA French crown more.
FIRST GENTLEMANThou art always figuring diseases in me, but thou art full of error; I
am sound.
LUCIONay, not, as one would say, healthy, but so sound as things that are
hollow. Thy bones are hollow. Impiety has made a feast of thee.
FIRST GENTLEMANHow now, which of your hips has the most profound sciatica?
BAWDWell, well! There’s one yonder arrested and carried to prison was worth
five thousand of you all.
FIRST GENTLEMANWho’s that, I pray thee?
BAWDMarry, sir, that’s Claudio, Signior Claudio.
FIRST GENTLEMANClaudio to prison? ’Tis not so.
BAWDNay, but I know ’tis so. I saw him arrested, saw him carried away; and,
which is more, within these three days his head to be chopped off.
LUCIOBut, after all this fooling, I would not have it so. Art thou sure of
this?
BAWDI am too sure of it. And it is for getting Madam Julietta with child.
LUCIOBelieve me, this may be. He promised to meet me two hours since, and he
was ever precise in promise-keeping.
SECOND GENTLEMANBesides, you know, it draws something near to the speech we had to such
a purpose.
FIRST GENTLEMANBut most of all agreeing with the proclamation.
LUCIOAway! Let’s go learn the truth of it.
Exeunt Lucio and Gentlemen.
BAWDThus, what with the war, what with the sweat, what with the gallows,
and what with poverty, I am custom-shrunk.
Enter Pompey.
POMPEYYonder man is carried to prison.
BAWDWell, what has he done?
POMPEYA woman.
BAWDBut what’s his offence?
POMPEYGroping for trouts in a peculiar river.
BAWDWhat? Is there a maid with child by him?
POMPEYNo, but there’s a woman with maid by him. You have not heard of the
proclamation, have you?
BAWDWhat proclamation, man?
POMPEYAll houses in the suburbs of Vienna must be plucked down.
BAWDAnd what shall become of those in the city?
POMPEYThey shall stand for seed. They had gone down too, but that a wise
burgher put in for them.
BAWDBut shall all our houses of resort in the suburbs be pulled down?
POMPEYTo the ground, mistress.
BAWDWhy, here’s a change indeed in the commonwealth! What shall become of
me?
POMPEYCome, fear not you. Good counsellors lack no clients. Though you change
your place, you need not change your trade. I’ll be your tapster still.
Courage, there will be pity taken on you. You that have worn your eyes
almost out in the service, you will be considered.
Enter Provost, Claudio, Juliet and Officers.
BAWDWhat’s to do here, Thomas Tapster? Let’s withdraw.
POMPEYHere comes Signior Claudio, led by the Provost to prison. And there’s
Madam Juliet.
Exeunt Bawd and Pompey.
CLAUDIOFellow, why dost thou show me thus to the world?
Bear me to prison, where I am committed.
PROVOSTI do it not in evil disposition,
But from Lord Angelo by special charge.
CLAUDIOThus can the demi-god Authority
Make us pay down for our offence by weight.
The words of heaven; on whom it will, it will;
On whom it will not, so; yet still ’tis just.
Enter Lucio and two Gentlemen.
LUCIOWhy, how now, Claudio? Whence comes this restraint?
CLAUDIOFrom too much liberty, my Lucio, liberty.
As surfeit is the father of much fast,
So every scope by the immoderate use
Turns to restraint. Our natures do pursue,
Like rats that ravin down their proper bane,
A thirsty evil; and when we drink, we die.
LUCIOIf I could speak so wisely under an arrest, I would send for certain of
my creditors; and yet, to say the truth, I had as lief have the foppery
of freedom as the morality of imprisonment. What’s thy offence,
Claudio?
CLAUDIOWhat but to speak of would offend again.
LUCIOWhat, is’t murder?
CLAUDIONo.
LUCIOLechery?
CLAUDIOCall it so.
PROVOSTAway, sir; you must go.
CLAUDIOOne word, good friend.—Lucio, a word with you.
LUCIOA hundred, if they’ll do you any good. Is lechery so looked after?
CLAUDIOThus stands it with me: upon a true contract
I got possession of Julietta’s bed.
You know the lady; she is fast my wife,
Save that we do the denunciation lack
Of outward order. This we came not to
Only for propagation of a dower
Remaining in the coffer of her friends,
From whom we thought it meet to hide our love
Till time had made them for us. But it chances
The stealth of our most mutual entertainment
With character too gross is writ on Juliet.
LUCIOWith child, perhaps?
CLAUDIOUnhappily, even so.
And the new deputy now for the Duke—
Whether it be the fault and glimpse of newness,
Or whether that the body public be
A horse whereon the governor doth ride,
Who, newly in the seat, that it may know
He can command, lets it straight feel the spur;
Whether the tyranny be in his place,
Or in his eminence that fills it up,
I stagger in—but this new governor
Awakes me all the enrolled penalties
Which have, like unscoured armour, hung by th’ wall
So long that nineteen zodiacs have gone round,
And none of them been worn; and for a name
Now puts the drowsy and neglected act
Freshly on me. ’Tis surely for a name.
LUCIOI warrant it is. And thy head stands so tickle on thy shoulders that a
milkmaid, if she be in love, may sigh it off. Send after the Duke, and
appeal to him.
CLAUDIOI have done so, but he’s not to be found.
I prithee, Lucio, do me this kind service:
This day my sister should the cloister enter,
And there receive her approbation.
Acquaint her with the danger of my state;
Implore her, in my voice, that she make friends
To the strict deputy; bid herself assay him.
I have great hope in that. For in her youth
There is a prone and speechless dialect
Such as moves men; beside, she hath prosperous art
When she will play with reason and discourse,
And well she can persuade.
LUCIOI pray she may, as well for the encouragement of the like, which else
would stand under grievous imposition, as for the enjoying of thy life,
who I would be sorry should be thus foolishly lost at a game of
tick-tack. I’ll to her.
CLAUDIOI thank you, good friend Lucio.
LUCIOWithin two hours.
CLAUDIOCome, officer, away.
Exeunt.
Scene III
Enter Duke and Friar Thomas.
DUKENo, holy father, throw away that thought;
Believe not that the dribbling dart of love
Can pierce a complete bosom. Why I desire thee
To give me secret harbour hath a purpose
More grave and wrinkled than the aims and ends
Of burning youth.
FRIAR THOMASMay your Grace speak of it?
DUKEMy holy sir, none better knows than you
How I have ever loved the life removed,
And held in idle price to haunt assemblies
Where youth, and cost, a witless bravery keeps.
I have delivered to Lord Angelo,
A man of stricture and firm abstinence,
My absolute power and place here in Vienna,
And he supposes me travelled to Poland;
For so I have strewed it in the common ear,
And so it is received. Now, pious sir,
You will demand of me why I do this?
FRIAR THOMASGladly, my lord.
DUKEWe have strict statutes and most biting laws,
The needful bits and curbs to headstrong weeds,
Which for this fourteen years we have let slip,
Even like an o’ergrown lion in a cave
That goes not out to prey. Now, as fond fathers,
Having bound up the threat’ning twigs of birch,
Only to stick it in their children’s sight
For terror, not to use, in time the rod
Becomes more mocked than feared: so our decrees,
Dead to infliction, to themselves are dead,
And liberty plucks justice by the nose,
The baby beats the nurse, and quite athwart
Goes all decorum.
FRIAR THOMASIt rested in your Grace
To unloose this tied-up justice when you pleased;
And it in you more dreadful would have seemed
Than in Lord Angelo.
DUKEI do fear, too dreadful.
Sith ’twas my fault to give the people scope,
’Twould be my tyranny to strike and gall them
For what I bid them do; for we bid this be done
When evil deeds have their permissive pass
And not the punishment. Therefore, indeed, my father,
I have on Angelo imposed the office;
Who may in th’ ambush of my name strike home,
And yet my nature never in the fight
To do in slander. And to behold his sway,
I will, as ’twere a brother of your order,
Visit both prince and people. Therefore, I prithee,
Supply me with the habit, and instruct me
How I may formally in person bear
Like a true friar. Moe reasons for this action
At our more leisure shall I render you;
Only, this one: Lord Angelo is precise;
Stands at a guard with envy; scarce confesses
That his blood flows or that his appetite
Is more to bread than stone. Hence shall we see,
If power change purpose, what our seemers be.
Exeunt.
Scene IV
Enter Isabella and Francisca, a Nun.
ISABELLAAnd have you nuns no farther privileges?
FRANCISCAAre not these large enough?
ISABELLAYes, truly; I speak not as desiring more,
But rather wishing a more strict restraint
Upon the sisterhood, the votarists of Saint Clare.
LUCIO[_Within_.] Ho! Peace be in this place!
ISABELLAWho’s that which calls?
FRANCISCAIt is a man’s voice. Gentle Isabella,
Turn you the key, and know his business of him;
You may, I may not; you are yet unsworn.
When you have vowed, you must not speak with men
But in the presence of the prioress;
Then, if you speak, you must not show your face;
Or if you show your face, you must not speak.
He calls again. I pray you answer him.
Exit Francisca.
ISABELLAPeace and prosperity! Who is’t that calls?
Enter Lucio.
LUCIOHail, virgin, if you be, as those cheek-roses
Proclaim you are no less. Can you so stead me
As bring me to the sight of Isabella,
A novice of this place, and the fair sister
To her unhappy brother Claudio?
ISABELLAWhy “her unhappy brother”? let me ask,
The rather for I now must make you know
I am that Isabella, and his sister.
LUCIOGentle and fair, your brother kindly greets you.
Not to be weary with you, he’s in prison.
ISABELLAWoe me! For what?
LUCIOFor that which, if myself might be his judge,
He should receive his punishment in thanks:
He hath got his friend with child.
ISABELLASir, make me not your story.
LUCIO’Tis true.
I would not, though ’tis my familiar sin
With maids to seem the lapwing, and to jest,
Tongue far from heart, play with all virgins so.
I hold you as a thing enskied and sainted
By your renouncement an immortal spirit,
And to be talked with in sincerity,
As with a saint.
ISABELLAYou do blaspheme the good in mocking me.
LUCIODo not believe it. Fewness and truth, ’tis thus:
Your brother and his lover have embraced;
As those that feed grow full, as blossoming time
That from the seedness the bare fallow brings
To teeming foison, even so her plenteous womb
Expresseth his full tilth and husbandry.
ISABELLASomeone with child by him? My cousin Juliet?
LUCIOIs she your cousin?
ISABELLAAdoptedly, as school-maids change their names
By vain though apt affection.
LUCIOShe it is.
ISABELLAO, let him marry her!
LUCIOThis is the point.
The Duke is very strangely gone from hence;
Bore many gentlemen, myself being one,
In hand, and hope of action; but we do learn,
By those that know the very nerves of state,
His givings-out were of an infinite distance
From his true-meant design. Upon his place,
And with full line of his authority,
Governs Lord Angelo; a man whose blood
Is very snow-broth; one who never feels
The wanton stings and motions of the sense;
But doth rebate and blunt his natural edge
With profits of the mind, study and fast.
He, to give fear to use and liberty,
Which have for long run by the hideous law
As mice by lions, hath picked out an act,
Under whose heavy sense your brother’s life
Falls into forfeit. He arrests him on it,
And follows close the rigour of the statute
To make him an example. All hope is gone,
Unless you have the grace by your fair prayer
To soften Angelo. And that’s my pith of business
’Twixt you and your poor brother.
ISABELLADoth he so
Seek his life?
LUCIOHas censured him already;
And, as I hear, the Provost hath a warrant
For’s execution.
ISABELLAAlas, what poor ability’s in me
To do him good?
LUCIOAssay the power you have.
ISABELLAMy power? Alas, I doubt.
LUCIOOur doubts are traitors,
And make us lose the good we oft might win
By fearing to attempt. Go to Lord Angelo,
And let him learn to know, when maidens sue,
Men give like gods; but when they weep and kneel,
All their petitions are as freely theirs
As they themselves would owe them.
ISABELLAI’ll see what I can do.
LUCIOBut speedily.
ISABELLAI will about it straight;
No longer staying but to give the Mother
Notice of my affair. I humbly thank you.
Commend me to my brother. Soon at night
I’ll send him certain word of my success.
LUCIOI take my leave of you.
ISABELLAGood sir, adieu.
Exeunt.
Act II
Scene I
Enter Angelo, Escalus, Servants, and a Justice.
ANGELOWe must not make a scarecrow of the law,
Setting it up to fear the birds of prey,
And let it keep one shape till custom make it
Their perch, and not their terror.
ESCALUSAy, but yet
Let us be keen, and rather cut a little
Than fall and bruise to death. Alas, this gentleman,
Whom I would save, had a most noble father.
Let but your honour know,
Whom I believe to be most strait in virtue,
That, in the working of your own affections,
Had time cohered with place, or place with wishing,
Or that the resolute acting of your blood
Could have attained th’ effect of your own purpose,
Whether you had not sometime in your life
Erred in this point which now you censure him,
And pulled the law upon you.
ANGELO’Tis one thing to be tempted, Escalus,
Another thing to fall. I not deny
The jury passing on the prisoner’s life
May in the sworn twelve have a thief or two
Guiltier than him they try. What’s open made to justice,
That justice seizes. What knows the laws
That thieves do pass on thieves? ’Tis very pregnant,
The jewel that we find, we stoop and take ’t,
Because we see it; but what we do not see,
We tread upon, and never think of it.
You may not so extenuate his offence
For I have had such faults; but rather tell me,
When I that censure him do so offend,
Let mine own judgement pattern out my death,
And nothing come in partial. Sir, he must die.
Enter Provost.
ESCALUSBe it as your wisdom will.
ANGELOWhere is the Provost?
PROVOSTHere, if it like your honour.
ANGELOSee that Claudio
Be executed by nine tomorrow morning.
Bring him his confessor, let him be prepared,
For that’s the utmost of his pilgrimage.
Exit Provost.
ESCALUSWell, heaven forgive him; and forgive us all.
Some rise by sin, and some by virtue fall.
Some run from brakes of vice, and answer none,
And some condemned for a fault alone.
Enter Elbow and Officers with Froth and Pompey.
ELBOWCome, bring them away. If these be good people in a commonweal that do
nothing but use their abuses in common houses, I know no law. Bring
them away.
ANGELOHow now, sir, what’s your name? And what’s the matter?
ELBOWIf it please your honour, I am the poor Duke’s constable, and my name
is Elbow. I do lean upon justice, sir, and do bring in here before your
good honour two notorious benefactors.
ANGELOBenefactors? Well, what benefactors are they? Are they not malefactors?
ELBOWIf it please your honour, I know not well what they are, but precise
villains they are, that I am sure of, and void of all profanation in
the world that good Christians ought to have.
ESCALUSThis comes off well. Here’s a wise officer.
ANGELOGo to. What quality are they of? Elbow is your name? Why dost thou not
speak, Elbow?
POMPEYHe cannot, sir. He’s out at elbow.
ANGELOWhat are you, sir?
ELBOWHe, sir? A tapster, sir; parcel bawd; one that serves a bad woman;
whose house, sir, was, as they say, plucked down in the suburbs; and
now she professes a hot-house, which, I think is a very ill house too.
ESCALUSHow know you that?
ELBOWMy wife, sir, whom I detest before heaven and your honour—
ESCALUSHow? Thy wife?
ELBOWAy, sir, whom I thank heaven is an honest woman—
ESCALUSDost thou detest her therefore?
ELBOWI say, sir, I will detest myself also, as well as she, that this house,
if it be not a bawd’s house, it is pity of her life, for it is a
naughty house.
ESCALUSHow dost thou know that, constable?
ELBOWMarry, sir, by my wife, who, if she had been a woman cardinally given,
might have been accused in fornication, adultery, and all uncleanliness
there.
ESCALUSBy the woman’s means?
ELBOWAy, sir, by Mistress Overdone’s means; but as she spit in his face, so
she defied him.
POMPEYSir, if it please your honour, this is not so.
ELBOWProve it before these varlets here, thou honourable man, prove it.
ESCALUS[_To Angelo_.] Do you hear how he misplaces?
POMPEYSir, she came in great with child; and longing, saving your honour’s
reverence, for stewed prunes; sir, we had but two in the house, which
at that very distant time stood, as it were, in a fruit dish, a dish of
some threepence; your honours have seen such dishes; they are not china
dishes, but very good dishes—
ESCALUSGo to, go to. No matter for the dish, sir.
POMPEYNo, indeed, sir, not of a pin; you are therein in the right. But to the
point. As I say, this Mistress Elbow, being, as I say, with child, and
being great-bellied, and longing, as I said, for prunes; and having but
two in the dish, as I said, Master Froth here, this very man, having
eaten the rest, as I said, and, as I say, paying for them very
honestly; for, as you know, Master Froth, I could not give you
threepence again—
FROTHNo, indeed.
POMPEYVery well. You being then, if you be remembered, cracking the stones of
the foresaid prunes—
FROTHAy, so I did indeed.
POMPEYWhy, very well. I telling you then, if you be remembered, that such a
one and such a one were past cure of the thing you wot of, unless they
kept very good diet, as I told you—
FROTHAll this is true.
POMPEYWhy, very well then—
ESCALUSCome, you are a tedious fool. To the purpose. What was done to Elbow’s
wife that he hath cause to complain of? Come me to what was done to
her.
POMPEYSir, your honour cannot come to that yet.
ESCALUSNo, sir, nor I mean it not.
POMPEYSir, but you shall come to it, by your honour’s leave. And I beseech
you, look into Master Froth here, sir, a man of fourscore pound a year;
whose father died at Hallowmas—was’t not at Hallowmas, Master Froth?
FROTHAll-hallond Eve.
POMPEYWhy, very well. I hope here be truths. He, sir, sitting, as I say, in a
lower chair, sir—’twas in the Bunch of Grapes, where, indeed, you have
a delight to sit, have you not?
FROTHI have so, because it is an open room, and good for winter.
POMPEYWhy, very well then. I hope here be truths.
ANGELOThis will last out a night in Russia
When nights are longest there. I’ll take my leave,
And leave you to the hearing of the cause;
Hoping you’ll find good cause to whip them all.
ESCALUSI think no less. Good morrow to your lordship.
Exit Angelo.
POMPEYOnce, sir? There was nothing done to her once.
ELBOWI beseech you, sir, ask him what this man did to my wife.
POMPEYI beseech your honour, ask me.
ESCALUSWell, sir, what did this gentleman to her?
POMPEYI beseech you, sir, look in this gentleman’s face. Good Master Froth,
look upon his honour; ’tis for a good purpose.—Doth your honour mark
his face?
ESCALUSAy, sir, very well.
POMPEYNay, I beseech you, mark it well.
ESCALUSWell, I do so.
POMPEYDoth your honour see any harm in his face?
ESCALUSWhy, no.
POMPEYI’ll be supposed upon a book, his face is the worst thing about him.
Good, then, if his face be the worst thing about him, how could Master
Froth do the constable’s wife any harm? I would know that of your
honour.
ESCALUSHe’s in the right. Constable. What say you to it?
ELBOWFirst, an it like you, the house is a respected house; next, this is a
respected fellow; and his mistress is a respected woman.
POMPEYBy this hand, sir, his wife is a more respected person than any of us
all.
ELBOWVarlet, thou liest; thou liest, wicked varlet! The time is yet to come
that she was ever respected with man, woman, or child.
POMPEYSir, she was respected with him before he married with her.
ESCALUSWhich is the wiser here, Justice or Iniquity? Is this true?
ELBOWO thou caitiff! O thou varlet! O thou wicked Hannibal! I respected with
her before I was married to her? If ever I was respected with her, or
she with me, let not your worship think me the poor Duke’s officer.
Prove this, thou wicked Hannibal, or I’ll have mine action of battery
on thee.
ESCALUSIf he took you a box o’ th’ ear, you might have your action of slander
too.
ELBOWMarry, I thank your good worship for it. What is’t your worship’s
pleasure I shall do with this wicked caitiff?
ESCALUSTruly, officer, because he hath some offences in him that thou wouldst
discover if thou couldst, let him continue in his courses till thou
know’st what they are.
ELBOWMarry, I thank your worship for it.—Thou seest, thou wicked varlet,
now, what’s come upon thee. Thou art to continue now, thou varlet, thou
art to continue.
ESCALUS[_To Froth_.] Where were you born, friend?
FROTHHere in Vienna, sir.
ESCALUSAre you of fourscore pounds a year?
FROTHYes, an’t please you, sir.
ESCALUSSo. [_To Pompey_.] What trade are you of, sir?
POMPEYA tapster, a poor widow’s tapster.
ESCALUSYour mistress’ name?
POMPEYMistress Overdone.
ESCALUSHath she had any more than one husband?
POMPEYNine, sir; Overdone by the last.
ESCALUSNine?—Come hither to me, Master Froth. Master Froth, I would not have
you acquainted with tapsters; they will draw you, Master Froth, and you
will hang them. Get you gone, and let me hear no more of you.
FROTHI thank your worship. For mine own part, I never come into any room in
a taphouse but I am drawn in.
ESCALUSWell, no more of it, Master Froth. Farewell.
Exit Froth.
POMPEYPompey.
ESCALUSWhat else?
POMPEYBum, sir.
ESCALUSTroth, and your bum is the greatest thing about you; so that, in the
beastliest sense, you are Pompey the great. Pompey, you are partly a
bawd, Pompey, howsoever you colour it in being a tapster, are you not?
Come, tell me true, it shall be the better for you.
POMPEYTruly, sir, I am a poor fellow that would live.
ESCALUSHow would you live, Pompey? By being a bawd? What do you think of the
trade, Pompey? Is it a lawful trade?
POMPEYIf the law would allow it, sir.
ESCALUSBut the law will not allow it, Pompey; nor it shall not be allowed in
Vienna.
POMPEYDoes your worship mean to geld and splay all the youth of the city?
ESCALUSNo, Pompey.
POMPEYTruly, sir, in my poor opinion, they will to’t then. If your worship
will take order for the drabs and the knaves, you need not to fear the
bawds.
ESCALUSThere is pretty orders beginning, I can tell you. It is but heading and
hanging.
POMPEYIf you head and hang all that offend that way but for ten year
together, you’ll be glad to give out a commission for more heads. If
this law hold in Vienna ten year, I’ll rent the fairest house in it
after threepence a bay. If you live to see this come to pass, say
Pompey told you so.
ESCALUSThank you, good Pompey; and, in requital of your prophecy, hark you: I
advise you, let me not find you before me again upon any complaint
whatsoever; no, not for dwelling where you do. If I do, Pompey, I shall
beat you to your tent, and prove a shrewd Caesar to you. In plain
dealing, Pompey, I shall have you whipped. So for this time, Pompey,
fare you well.
POMPEYI thank your worship for your good counsel. [_Aside_.] But I shall
follow it as the flesh and fortune shall better determine.
Whip me? No, no; let carman whip his jade;
The valiant heart’s not whipped out of his trade.
Exit.
ESCALUSCome hither to me, Master Elbow. Come hither, Master Constable. How
long have you been in this place of constable?
ELBOWSeven year and a half, sir.
ESCALUSI thought, by the readiness in the office, you had continued in it
sometime. You say seven years together?
ELBOWAnd a half, sir.
ESCALUSAlas, it hath been great pains to you. They do you wrong to put you so
oft upon’t. Are there not men in your ward sufficient to serve it?
ELBOWFaith, sir, few of any wit in such matters. As they are chosen, they
are glad to choose me for them; I do it for some piece of money, and go
through with all.
ESCALUSLook you bring me in the names of some six or seven, the most
sufficient of your parish.
ELBOWTo your worship’s house, sir?
ESCALUSTo my house. Fare you well.
Exit Elbow.
JUSTICEEleven, sir.
ESCALUSI pray you home to dinner with me.
JUSTICEI humbly thank you.
ESCALUSIt grieves me for the death of Claudio,
But there’s no remedy.
JUSTICELord Angelo is severe.
ESCALUSIt is but needful.
Mercy is not itself that oft looks so;
Pardon is still the nurse of second woe.
But yet, Poor Claudio! There’s no remedy.
Come, sir.
Exeunt.
Scene II
Enter Provost and a Servant.
SERVANTHe’s hearing of a cause. He will come straight.
I’ll tell him of you.
PROVOSTPray you do.
Exit Servant.
Enter Angelo.
ANGELONow, what’s the matter, Provost?
PROVOSTIs it your will Claudio shall die tomorrow?
ANGELODid not I tell thee yea? Hadst thou not order?
Why dost thou ask again?
PROVOSTLest I might be too rash.
Under your good correction, I have seen
When, after execution, judgement hath
Repented o’er his doom.
ANGELOGo to; let that be mine.
Do you your office, or give up your place,
And you shall well be spared.
PROVOSTI crave your honour’s pardon.
What shall be done, sir, with the groaning Juliet?
She’s very near her hour.
ANGELODispose of her
To some more fitter place; and that with speed.
Enter Servant.
SERVANTHere is the sister of the man condemned
Desires access to you.
ANGELOHath he a sister?
PROVOSTAy, my good lord, a very virtuous maid,
And to be shortly of a sisterhood,
If not already.
ANGELOWell, let her be admitted.
Exit Servant.
Enter Lucio and Isabella.
PROVOST[_Offering to retire_.] Save your honour!
ANGELOStay a little while. [_To Isabella_.] You are welcome. What’s your
will?
ISABELLAI am a woeful suitor to your honour,
Please but your honour hear me.
ANGELOWell, what’s your suit?
ISABELLAThere is a vice that most I do abhor,
And most desire should meet the blow of justice;
For which I would not plead, but that I must;
For which I must not plead, but that I am
At war ’twixt will and will not.
ANGELOWell, the matter?
ISABELLAI have a brother is condemned to die;
I do beseech you, let it be his fault,
And not my brother.
PROVOSTHeaven give thee moving graces.
ANGELOCondemn the fault, and not the actor of it?
Why, every fault’s condemned ere it be done.
Mine were the very cipher of a function
To find the faults whose fine stands in record,
And let go by the actor.
ISABELLAO just but severe law!
I had a brother, then. Heaven keep your honour!
LUCIO[_To Isabella_.] Give’t not o’er so. To him again, entreat him,
Kneel down before him, hang upon his gown;
You are too cold. If you should need a pin,
You could not with more tame a tongue desire it.
To him, I say.
ISABELLAMust he needs die?
ANGELOMaiden, no remedy.
ISABELLAYes, I do think that you might pardon him,
And neither heaven nor man grieve at the mercy.
ANGELOI will not do’t.
ISABELLABut can you if you would?
ANGELOLook, what I will not, that I cannot do.
ISABELLABut might you do’t, and do the world no wrong,
If so your heart were touched with that remorse
As mine is to him?
ANGELOHe’s sentenced, ’tis too late.
LUCIO[_To Isabella_.] You are too cold.
ISABELLAToo late? Why, no. I that do speak a word
May call it back again. Well, believe this:
No ceremony that to great ones longs,
Not the king’s crown, nor the deputed sword,
The marshal’s truncheon, nor the judge’s robe,
Become them with one half so good a grace
As mercy does.
If he had been as you, and you as he,
You would have slipped like him, but he like you
Would not have been so stern.
ANGELOPray you be gone.
ISABELLAI would to heaven I had your potency,
And you were Isabel! Should it then be thus?
No; I would tell what ’twere to be a judge
And what a prisoner.
LUCIO[_Aside_.] Ay, touch him; there’s the vein.
ANGELOYour brother is a forfeit of the law,
And you but waste your words.
ISABELLAAlas, alas!
Why, all the souls that were were forfeit once,
And He that might the vantage best have took
Found out the remedy. How would you be
If He, which is the top of judgement, should
But judge you as you are? O, think on that,
And mercy then will breathe within your lips,
Like man new made.
ANGELOBe you content, fair maid.
It is the law, not I, condemns your brother.
Were he my kinsman, brother, or my son,
It should be thus with him. He must die tomorrow.
ISABELLATomorrow? O, that’s sudden! Spare him, spare him!
He’s not prepared for death. Even for our kitchens
We kill the fowl of season. Shall we serve heaven
With less respect than we do minister
To our gross selves? Good, good my lord, bethink you.
Who is it that hath died for this offence?
There’s many have committed it.
LUCIOAy, well said.
ANGELOThe law hath not been dead, though it hath slept.
Those many had not dared to do that evil
If the first that did th’ edict infringe
Had answered for his deed. Now ’tis awake,
Takes note of what is done, and, like a prophet,
Looks in a glass that shows what future evils,
Either now, or by remissness new conceived,
And so in progress to be hatched and born,
Are now to have no successive degrees,
But, where they live, to end.
ISABELLAYet show some pity.
ANGELOI show it most of all when I show justice;
For then I pity those I do not know,
Which a dismissed offence would after gall,
And do him right that, answering one foul wrong,
Lives not to act another. Be satisfied;
Your brother dies tomorrow; be content.
ISABELLASo you must be the first that gives this sentence,
And he that suffers. O, it is excellent
To have a giant’s strength; but it is tyrannous
To use it like a giant.
LUCIOThat’s well said.
ISABELLACould great men thunder
As Jove himself does, Jove would ne’er be quiet,
For every pelting petty officer
Would use his heaven for thunder.
Nothing but thunder. Merciful Heaven,
Thou rather with thy sharp and sulphurous bolt
Splits the unwedgeable and gnarled oak,
Than the soft myrtle. But man, proud man,
Dressed in a little brief authority,
Most ignorant of what he’s most assured,
His glassy essence, like an angry ape
Plays such fantastic tricks before high heaven
As makes the angels weep; who, with our spleens,
Would all themselves laugh mortal.
LUCIOO, to him, to him, wench! He will relent;
He’s coming. I perceive ’t.
PROVOSTPray heaven she win him.
ISABELLAWe cannot weigh our brother with ourself.
Great men may jest with saints; ’tis wit in them,
But in the less, foul profanation.
LUCIOThou’rt i’ th’ right, girl; more o’ that.
ISABELLAThat in the captain’s but a choleric word
Which in the soldier is flat blasphemy.
LUCIOArt advised o’ that? More on’t.
ANGELOWhy do you put these sayings upon me?
ISABELLABecause authority, though it err like others,
Hath yet a kind of medicine in itself
That skins the vice o’ th’ top. Go to your bosom,
Knock there, and ask your heart what it doth know
That’s like my brother’s fault. If it confess
A natural guiltiness such as is his,
Let it not sound a thought upon your tongue
Against my brother’s life.
ANGELOShe speaks, and ’tis such sense
That my sense breeds with it. [_Going_.]
Fare you well.
ISABELLAGentle my lord, turn back.
ANGELOI will bethink me. Come again tomorrow.
ISABELLAHark how I’ll bribe you. Good my lord, turn back.
ANGELOHow? Bribe me?
ISABELLAAy, with such gifts that heaven shall share with you.
LUCIOYou had marred all else.
ISABELLANot with fond shekels of the tested gold,
Or stones, whose rates are either rich or poor
As fancy values them, but with true prayers,
That shall be up at heaven and enter there
Ere sunrise, prayers from preserved souls,
From fasting maids, whose minds are dedicate
To nothing temporal.
ANGELOWell; come to me tomorrow.
LUCIO[_Aside to Isabella_.] Go to, ’tis well; away.
ISABELLAHeaven keep your honour safe.
ANGELO[_Aside_.] Amen.
For I am that way going to temptation,
Where prayers cross.
ISABELLAAt what hour tomorrow
Shall I attend your lordship?
ANGELOAt any time ’fore noon.
ISABELLASave your honour.
Exeunt Isabella, Lucio and Provost.
ANGELOFrom thee, even from thy virtue!
What’s this? What’s this? Is this her fault or mine?
The tempter or the tempted, who sins most, ha?
Not she; nor doth she tempt; but it is I
That, lying by the violet in the sun,
Do as the carrion does, not as the flower,
Corrupt with virtuous season. Can it be
That modesty may more betray our sense
Than woman’s lightness? Having waste ground enough,
Shall we desire to raze the sanctuary
And pitch our evils there? O, fie, fie, fie!
What dost thou, or what art thou, Angelo?
Dost thou desire her foully for those things
That make her good? O, let her brother live.
Thieves for their robbery have authority
When judges steal themselves. What, do I love her,
That I desire to hear her speak again
And feast upon her eyes? What is’t I dream on?
O cunning enemy, that, to catch a saint,
With saints dost bait thy hook! Most dangerous
Is that temptation that doth goad us on
To sin in loving virtue. Never could the strumpet
With all her double vigour, art, and nature,
Once stir my temper, but this virtuous maid
Subdues me quite. Ever till now
When men were fond, I smiled and wondered how.
Exit.
Scene III
Enter Duke disguised as a Friar, and Provost.
DUKEHail to you, Provost, so I think you are.
PROVOSTI am the Provost. What’s your will, good friar?
DUKEBound by my charity and my blessed order,
I come to visit the afflicted spirits
Here in the prison. Do me the common right
To let me see them, and to make me know
The nature of their crimes, that I may minister
To them accordingly.
PROVOSTI would do more than that, if more were needful.
Enter Juliet.
DUKEWhen must he die?
PROVOSTAs I do think, tomorrow.
[_To Juliet_.] I have provided for you; stay a while
And you shall be conducted.
DUKERepent you, fair one, of the sin you carry?
JULIETI do; and bear the shame most patiently.
DUKEI’ll teach you how you shall arraign your conscience,
And try your penitence, if it be sound
Or hollowly put on.
JULIETI’ll gladly learn.
DUKELove you the man that wronged you?
JULIETYes, as I love the woman that wronged him.
DUKESo then it seems your most offenceful act
Was mutually committed?
JULIETMutually.
DUKEThen was your sin of heavier kind than his.
JULIETI do confess it, and repent it, father.
DUKE’Tis meet so, daughter; but lest you do repent
As that the sin hath brought you to this shame,
Which sorrow is always toward ourselves, not heaven,
Showing we would not spare heaven as we love it,
But as we stand in fear—
JULIETI do repent me as it is an evil,
And take the shame with joy.
DUKEThere rest.
Your partner, as I hear, must die tomorrow,
And I am going with instruction to him.
Grace go with you! _Benedicite!_
Exit.
JULIETMust die tomorrow? O, injurious love
That respites me a life, whose very comfort
Is still a dying horror!
PROVOST’Tis pity of him.
Exeunt.
Scene IV
Enter Angelo.
ANGELOWhen I would pray and think, I think and pray
To several subjects. Heaven hath my empty words,
Whilst my invention, hearing not my tongue,
Anchors on Isabel. Heaven in my mouth,
As if I did but only chew his name,
And in my heart the strong and swelling evil
Of my conception. The state whereon I studied
Is, like a good thing being often read,
Grown sere and tedious; yea, my gravity,
Wherein—let no man hear me—I take pride,
Could I with boot change for an idle plume
Which the air beats for vain. O place, O form,
How often dost thou with thy case, thy habit,
Wrench awe from fools, and tie the wiser souls
To thy false seeming! Blood, thou art blood.
Let’s write good angel on the devil’s horn.
’Tis not the devil’s crest.
How now, who’s there?
Enter Servant.
SERVANTOne Isabel, a sister, desires access to you.
ANGELOTeach her the way.
Exit Servant.
Enter Isabella.
ISABELLAI am come to know your pleasure.
ANGELOThat you might know it, would much better please me
Than to demand what ’tis. Your brother cannot live.
ISABELLAEven so. Heaven keep your honour.
ANGELOYet may he live a while. And, it may be,
As long as you or I. Yet he must die.
ISABELLAUnder your sentence?
ANGELOYea.
ISABELLAWhen, I beseech you? That in his reprieve,
Longer or shorter, he may be so fitted
That his soul sicken not.
ANGELOHa! Fie, these filthy vices! It were as good
To pardon him that hath from nature stolen
A man already made, as to remit
Their saucy sweetness that do coin heaven’s image
In stamps that are forbid. ’Tis all as easy
Falsely to take away a life true made
As to put metal in restrained means
To make a false one.
ISABELLA’Tis set down so in heaven, but not in earth.
ANGELOSay you so? Then I shall pose you quickly.
Which had you rather, that the most just law
Now took your brother’s life; or, to redeem him,
Give up your body to such sweet uncleanness
As she that he hath stained?
ISABELLASir, believe this:
I had rather give my body than my soul.
ANGELOI talk not of your soul. Our compelled sins
Stand more for number than for accompt.
ISABELLAHow say you?
ANGELONay, I’ll not warrant that, for I can speak
Against the thing I say. Answer to this:
I, now the voice of the recorded law,
Pronounce a sentence on your brother’s life.
Might there not be a charity in sin
To save this brother’s life?
ISABELLAPlease you to do’t,
I’ll take it as a peril to my soul;
It is no sin at all, but charity.
ANGELOPleased you to do’t at peril of your soul,
Were equal poise of sin and charity.
ISABELLAThat I do beg his life, if it be sin,
Heaven let me bear it. You granting of my suit,
If that be sin, I’ll make it my morn prayer
To have it added to the faults of mine,
And nothing of your answer.
ANGELONay, but hear me.
Your sense pursues not mine. Either you are ignorant,
Or seem so, crafty; and that’s not good.
ISABELLALet me be ignorant, and in nothing good,
But graciously to know I am no better.
ANGELOThus wisdom wishes to appear most bright
When it doth tax itself, as these black masks
Proclaim an enshield beauty ten times louder
Than beauty could, displayed. But mark me;
To be received plain, I’ll speak more gross.
Your brother is to die.
ISABELLASo.
ANGELOAnd his offence is so, as it appears,
Accountant to the law upon that pain.
ISABELLATrue.
ANGELOAdmit no other way to save his life—
As I subscribe not that, nor any other,
But, in the loss of question, that you, his sister,
Finding yourself desired of such a person
Whose credit with the judge, or own great place,
Could fetch your brother from the manacles
Of the all-binding law; and that there were
No earthly mean to save him but that either
You must lay down the treasures of your body
To this supposed, or else to let him suffer,
What would you do?
ISABELLAAs much for my poor brother as myself.
That is, were I under the terms of death,
Th’ impression of keen whips I’d wear as rubies,
And strip myself to death as to a bed
That longing have been sick for, ere I’d yield
My body up to shame.
ANGELOThen must your brother die.
ISABELLAAnd ’twere the cheaper way.
Better it were a brother died at once
Than that a sister, by redeeming him,
Should die for ever.
ANGELOWere not you then as cruel as the sentence
That you have slandered so?
ISABELLAIgnominy in ransom and free pardon
Are of two houses. Lawful mercy
Is nothing kin to foul redemption.
ANGELOYou seemed of late to make the law a tyrant,
And rather proved the sliding of your brother
A merriment than a vice.
ISABELLAO, pardon me, my lord. It oft falls out,
To have what we would have, we speak not what we mean.
I something do excuse the thing I hate
For his advantage that I dearly love.
ANGELOWe are all frail.
ISABELLAElse let my brother die,
If not a feodary but only he
Owe and succeed by weakness.
ANGELONay, women are frail too.
ISABELLAAy, as the glasses where they view themselves,
Which are as easy broke as they make forms.
Women?—Help, heaven! Men their creation mar
In profiting by them. Nay, call us ten times frail;
For we are soft as our complexions are,
And credulous to false prints.
ANGELOI think it well.
And from this testimony of your own sex,
Since I suppose we are made to be no stronger
Than faults may shake our frames, let me be bold.
I do arrest your words. Be that you are,
That is, a woman. If you be more, you’re none.
If you be one, as you are well expressed
By all external warrants, show it now
By putting on the destined livery.
ISABELLAI have no tongue but one. Gentle my lord,
Let me intreat you speak the former language.
ANGELOPlainly conceive, I love you.
ISABELLAMy brother did love Juliet,
And you tell me that he shall die for ’t.
ANGELOHe shall not, Isabel, if you give me love.
ISABELLAI know your virtue hath a license in’t,
Which seems a little fouler than it is,
To pluck on others.
ANGELOBelieve me, on mine honour,
My words express my purpose.
ISABELLAHa! Little honour to be much believed,
And most pernicious purpose! Seeming, seeming!
I will proclaim thee, Angelo, look for’t.
Sign me a present pardon for my brother
Or with an outstretched throat I’ll tell the world aloud
What man thou art.
ANGELOWho will believe thee, Isabel?
My unsoiled name, th’ austereness of my life,
My vouch against you, and my place i’ th’ state
Will so your accusation overweigh
That you shall stifle in your own report,
And smell of calumny. I have begun,
And now I give my sensual race the rein.
Fit thy consent to my sharp appetite;
Lay by all nicety and prolixious blushes
That banish what they sue for. Redeem thy brother
By yielding up thy body to my will;
Or else he must not only die the death,
But thy unkindness shall his death draw out
To ling’ring sufferance. Answer me tomorrow,
Or, by the affection that now guides me most,
I’ll prove a tyrant to him. As for you,
Say what you can, my false o’erweighs your true.
Exit.
ISABELLATo whom should I complain? Did I tell this,
Who would believe me? O perilous mouths,
That bear in them one and the self-same tongue
Either of condemnation or approof,
Bidding the law make curtsy to their will,
Hooking both right and wrong to th’ appetite,
To follow as it draws! I’ll to my brother.
Though he hath fall’n by prompture of the blood,
Yet hath he in him such a mind of honour
That, had he twenty heads to tender down
On twenty bloody blocks, he’d yield them up
Before his sister should her body stoop
To such abhorred pollution.
Then, Isabel, live chaste, and, brother, die.
More than our brother is our chastity.
I’ll tell him yet of Angelo’s request,
And fit his mind to death, for his soul’s rest.
Exit.
Act III
Scene I
Enter Duke, Claudio and Provost.
DUKESo then you hope of pardon from Lord Angelo?
CLAUDIOThe miserable have no other medicine
But only hope.
I have hope to live, and am prepared to die.
DUKEBe absolute for death. Either death or life
Shall thereby be the sweeter. Reason thus with life:
If I do lose thee, I do lose a thing
That none but fools would keep. A breath thou art,
Servile to all the skyey influences
That dost this habitation where thou keep’st
Hourly afflict. Merely, thou art death’s fool;
For him thou labour’st by thy flight to shun,
And yet runn’st toward him still. Thou art not noble;
For all th’ accommodations that thou bear’st
Are nursed by baseness. Thou’rt by no means valiant;
For thou dost fear the soft and tender fork
Of a poor worm. Thy best of rest is sleep,
And that thou oft provok’st, yet grossly fear’st
Thy death, which is no more. Thou art not thyself;
For thou exists on many a thousand grains
That issue out of dust. Happy thou art not;
For what thou hast not, still thou striv’st to get,
And what thou hast, forget’st. Thou art not certain;
For thy complexion shifts to strange effects
After the moon. If thou art rich, thou’rt poor;
For, like an ass whose back with ingots bows,
Thou bear’st thy heavy riches but a journey,
And death unloads thee. Friend hast thou none;
For thine own bowels which do call thee sire,
The mere effusion of thy proper loins,
Do curse the gout, serpigo, and the rheum
For ending thee no sooner. Thou hast nor youth nor age,
But as it were an after-dinner’s sleep
Dreaming on both; for all thy blessed youth
Becomes as aged, and doth beg the alms
Of palsied eld; and when thou art old and rich,
Thou hast neither heat, affection, limb, nor beauty
To make thy riches pleasant. What’s yet in this
That bears the name of life? Yet in this life
Lie hid more thousand deaths; yet death we fear,
That makes these odds all even.
CLAUDIOI humbly thank you.
To sue to live, I find I seek to die,
And seeking death, find life. Let it come on.
ISABELLA[_Within_.] What ho! Peace here; grace and good company!
PROVOSTWho’s there? Come in. The wish deserves a welcome.
DUKEDear sir, ere long I’ll visit you again.
CLAUDIOMost holy sir, I thank you.
Enter Isabella.
ISABELLAMy business is a word or two with Claudio.
PROVOSTAnd very welcome. Look, signior, here’s your sister.
DUKEProvost, a word with you.
PROVOSTAs many as you please.
DUKEBring me to hear them speak, where I may be concealed.
Exeunt Duke and Provost.
CLAUDIONow, sister, what’s the comfort?
ISABELLAWhy,
As all comforts are, most good, most good indeed.
Lord Angelo, having affairs to heaven,
Intends you for his swift ambassador,
Where you shall be an everlasting leiger.
Therefore your best appointment make with speed;
Tomorrow you set on.
CLAUDIOIs there no remedy?
ISABELLANone, but such remedy as, to save a head,
To cleave a heart in twain.
CLAUDIOBut is there any?
ISABELLAYes, brother, you may live.
There is a devilish mercy in the judge,
If you’ll implore it, that will free your life,
But fetter you till death.
CLAUDIOPerpetual durance?
ISABELLAAy, just; perpetual durance; a restraint,
Though all the world’s vastidity you had,
To a determined scope.
CLAUDIOBut in what nature?
ISABELLAIn such a one as, you consenting to’t,
Would bark your honour from that trunk you bear,
And leave you naked.
CLAUDIOLet me know the point.
ISABELLAO, I do fear thee, Claudio, and I quake,
Lest thou a feverous life shouldst entertain,
And six or seven winters more respect
Than a perpetual honour. Dar’st thou die?
The sense of death is most in apprehension;
And the poor beetle that we tread upon
In corporal sufferance finds a pang as great
As when a giant dies.
CLAUDIOWhy give you me this shame?
Think you I can a resolution fetch
From flowery tenderness? If I must die,
I will encounter darkness as a bride
And hug it in mine arms.
ISABELLAThere spake my brother! There my father’s grave
Did utter forth a voice. Yes, thou must die.
Thou art too noble to conserve a life
In base appliances. This outward-sainted deputy,
Whose settled visage and deliberate word
Nips youth i’ th’ head, and follies doth enew
As falcon doth the fowl, is yet a devil.
His filth within being cast, he would appear
A pond as deep as hell.
CLAUDIOThe precise Angelo?
ISABELLAO, ’tis the cunning livery of hell
The damned’st body to invest and cover
In precise guards! Dost thou think, Claudio,
If I would yield him my virginity
Thou mightst be freed?
CLAUDIOO heavens, it cannot be.
ISABELLAYes, he would give it thee, from this rank offence,
So to offend him still. This night’s the time
That I should do what I abhor to name,
Or else thou diest tomorrow.
CLAUDIOThou shalt not do’t.
ISABELLAO, were it but my life,
I’d throw it down for your deliverance
As frankly as a pin.
CLAUDIOThanks, dear Isabel.
ISABELLABe ready, Claudio, for your death tomorrow.
CLAUDIOYes. Has he affections in him
That thus can make him bite the law by th’ nose
When he would force it? Sure it is no sin;
Or of the deadly seven it is the least.
ISABELLAWhich is the least?
CLAUDIOIf it were damnable, he being so wise,
Why would he for the momentary trick
Be perdurably fined? O Isabel!
ISABELLAWhat says my brother?
CLAUDIODeath is a fearful thing.
ISABELLAAnd shamed life a hateful.
CLAUDIOAy, but to die, and go we know not where;
To lie in cold obstruction, and to rot;
This sensible warm motion to become
A kneaded clod; and the delighted spirit
To bathe in fiery floods, or to reside
In thrilling regions of thick-ribbed ice;
To be imprisoned in the viewless winds
And blown with restless violence round about
The pendent world; or to be worse than worst
Of those that lawless and incertain thought
Imagine howling—’tis too horrible.
The weariest and most loathed worldly life
That age, ache, penury, and imprisonment
Can lay on nature is a paradise
To what we fear of death.
ISABELLAAlas, alas!
CLAUDIOSweet sister, let me live.
What sin you do to save a brother’s life,
Nature dispenses with the deed so far
That it becomes a virtue.
ISABELLAO, you beast!
O faithless coward! O dishonest wretch!
Wilt thou be made a man out of my vice?
Is’t not a kind of incest to take life
From thine own sister’s shame? What should I think?
Heaven shield my mother played my father fair,
For such a warped slip of wilderness
Ne’er issued from his blood. Take my defiance,
Die, perish! Might but my bending down
Reprieve thee from thy fate, it should proceed.
I’ll pray a thousand prayers for thy death,
No word to save thee.
CLAUDIONay, hear me, Isabel.
ISABELLAO fie, fie, fie!
Thy sin’s not accidental, but a trade.
Mercy to thee would prove itself a bawd.
’Tis best that thou diest quickly.
CLAUDIOO, hear me, Isabella.
Enter Duke as a Friar.
DUKEVouchsafe a word, young sister, but one word.
ISABELLAWhat is your will?
DUKEMight you dispense with your leisure, I would by and by have some
speech with you. The satisfaction I would require is likewise your own
benefit.
ISABELLAI have no superfluous leisure, my stay must be stolen out of other
affairs, but I will attend you a while.
DUKE[_To Claudio aside_.] Son, I have overheard what hath passed between
you and your sister. Angelo had never the purpose to corrupt her; only
he hath made an assay of her virtue, to practise his judgement with the
disposition of natures. She, having the truth of honour in her, hath
made him that gracious denial which he is most glad to receive. I am
confessor to Angelo, and I know this to be true; therefore prepare
yourself to death. Do not satisfy your resolution with hopes that are
fallible. Tomorrow you must die; go to your knees and make ready.
CLAUDIOLet me ask my sister pardon. I am so out of love with life that I will
sue to be rid of it.
DUKEHold you there. Farewell.
Exit Claudio.
Enter Provost.
PROVOSTWhat’s your will, father?
DUKEThat, now you are come, you will be gone. Leave me a while with the
maid; my mind promises with my habit no loss shall touch her by my
company.
PROVOSTIn good time.
Exit Provost.
DUKEThe hand that hath made you fair hath made you good. The goodness that
is cheap in beauty makes beauty brief in goodness; but grace, being the
soul of your complexion, shall keep the body of it ever fair. The
assault that Angelo hath made to you, fortune hath conveyed to my
understanding; and, but that frailty hath examples for his falling, I
should wonder at Angelo. How will you do to content this substitute,
and to save your brother?
ISABELLAI am now going to resolve him. I had rather my brother die by the law
than my son should be unlawfully born. But, O, how much is the good
Duke deceived in Angelo! If ever he return, and I can speak to him, I
will open my lips in vain, or discover his government.
DUKEThat shall not be much amiss. Yet, as the matter now stands, he will
avoid your accusation: he made trial of you only. Therefore fasten your
ear on my advisings, to the love I have in doing good, a remedy
presents itself. I do make myself believe that you may most
uprighteously do a poor wronged lady a merited benefit; redeem your
brother from the angry law; do no stain to your own gracious person;
and much please the absent Duke, if peradventure he shall ever return
to have hearing of this business.
ISABELLALet me hear you speak farther. I have spirit to do anything that
appears not foul in the truth of my spirit.
DUKEVirtue is bold, and goodness never fearful. Have you not heard speak of
Mariana, the sister of Frederick, the great soldier who miscarried at
sea?
ISABELLAI have heard of the lady, and good words went with her name.
DUKEShe should this Angelo have married, was affianced to her oath, and the
nuptial appointed. Between which time of the contract and limit of the
solemnity, her brother Frederick was wrecked at sea, having in that
perished vessel the dowry of his sister. But mark how heavily this
befell to the poor gentlewoman. There she lost a noble and renowned
brother, in his love toward her ever most kind and natural; with him,
the portion and sinew of her fortune, her marriage dowry; with both,
her combinate husband, this well-seeming Angelo.
ISABELLACan this be so? Did Angelo so leave her?
DUKELeft her in her tears, and dried not one of them with his comfort,
swallowed his vows whole, pretending in her discoveries of dishonour;
in few, bestowed her on her own lamentation, which she yet wears for
his sake; and he, a marble to her tears, is washed with them, but
relents not.
ISABELLAWhat a merit were it in death to take this poor maid from the world!
What corruption in this life, that it will let this man live! But how
out of this can she avail?
DUKEIt is a rupture that you may easily heal, and the cure of it not only
saves your brother, but keeps you from dishonour in doing it.
ISABELLAShow me how, good father.
DUKEThis forenamed maid hath yet in her the continuance of her first
affection. His unjust unkindness, that in all reason should have
quenched her love, hath, like an impediment in the current, made it
more violent and unruly. Go you to Angelo; answer his requiring with a
plausible obedience; agree with his demands to the point. Only refer
yourself to this advantage: first, that your stay with him may not be
long; that the time may have all shadow and silence in it; and the
place answer to convenience. This being granted in course, and now
follows all. We shall advise this wronged maid to stead up your
appointment, go in your place. If the encounter acknowledge itself
hereafter, it may compel him to her recompense; and here, by this, is
your brother saved, your honour untainted, the poor Mariana advantaged,
and the corrupt deputy scaled. The maid will I frame and make fit for
his attempt. If you think well to carry this as you may, the doubleness
of the benefit defends the deceit from reproof. What think you of it?
ISABELLAThe image of it gives me content already, and I trust it will grow to a
most prosperous perfection.
DUKEIt lies much in your holding up. Haste you speedily to Angelo; if for
this night he entreat you to his bed, give him promise of satisfaction.
I will presently to Saint Luke’s; there at the moated grange resides
this dejected Mariana. At that place call upon me; and dispatch with
Angelo, that it may be quickly.
ISABELLAI thank you for this comfort. Fare you well, good father.
Exit Isabella.
Scene II
Enter Elbow, Pompey and Officers.
ELBOWNay, if there be no remedy for it, but that you will needs buy and sell
men and women like beasts, we shall have all the world drink brown and
white bastard.
DUKEO heavens, what stuff is here?
POMPEY’Twas never merry world since, of two usuries, the merriest was put
down, and the worser allowed by order of law a furred gown to keep him
warm; and furred with fox on lambskins too, to signify that craft,
being richer than innocency, stands for the facing.
ELBOWCome your way, sir.—Bless you, good father friar.
DUKEAnd you, good brother father. What offence hath this man made you, sir?
ELBOWMarry, sir, he hath offended the law; and, sir, we take him to be a
thief too, sir; for we have found upon him, sir, a strange picklock,
which we have sent to the deputy.
DUKEFie, sirrah, a bawd, a wicked bawd;
The evil that thou causest to be done,
That is thy means to live. Do thou but think
What ’tis to cram a maw or clothe a back
From such a filthy vice. Say to thyself,
From their abominable and beastly touches
I drink, I eat, array myself, and live.
Canst thou believe thy living is a life,
So stinkingly depending? Go mend, go mend.
POMPEYIndeed, it does stink in some sort, sir. But yet, sir, I would prove—
DUKENay, if the devil have given thee proofs for sin,
Thou wilt prove his. Take him to prison, officer.
Correction and instruction must both work
Ere this rude beast will profit.
ELBOWHe must before the deputy, sir; he has given him warning. The deputy
cannot abide a whoremaster. If he be a whoremonger and comes before
him, he were as good go a mile on his errand.
DUKEThat we were all, as some would seem to be,
Free from our faults, as faults from seeming, free!
ELBOWHis neck will come to your waist—a cord, sir.
Enter Lucio.
POMPEYI spy comfort, I cry bail! Here’s a gentleman, and a friend of mine.
LUCIOHow now, noble Pompey? What, at the wheels of Caesar? Art thou led in
triumph? What, is there none of Pygmalion’s images, newly made woman,
to be had now, for putting the hand in the pocket and extracting it
clutched? What reply, ha? What say’st thou to this tune, matter, and
method? Is’t not drowned i’ th’ last rain, ha? What say’st thou, trot?
Is the world as it was, man? Which is the way? Is it sad and few words?
Or how? The trick of it?
DUKEStill thus, and thus; still worse!
LUCIOHow doth my dear morsel, thy mistress? Procures she still, ha?
POMPEYTroth, sir, she hath eaten up all her beef, and she is herself in the
tub.
LUCIOWhy, ’tis good. It is the right of it. It must be so. Ever your fresh
whore and your powdered bawd; an unshunned consequence; it must be so.
Art going to prison, Pompey?
POMPEYYes, faith, sir.
LUCIOWhy, ’tis not amiss, Pompey. Farewell. Go, say I sent thee thither. For
debt, Pompey? Or how?
ELBOWFor being a bawd, for being a bawd.
LUCIOWell, then, imprison him. If imprisonment be the due of a bawd, why,
’tis his right. Bawd is he doubtless, and of antiquity, too. Bawd born.
Farewell, good Pompey. Commend me to the prison, Pompey. You will turn
good husband now, Pompey; you will keep the house.
POMPEYI hope, sir, your good worship will be my bail.
LUCIONo, indeed, will I not, Pompey; it is not the wear. I will pray,
Pompey, to increase your bondage. If you take it not patiently, why,
your mettle is the more. Adieu, trusty Pompey.—Bless you, friar.
DUKEAnd you.
LUCIODoes Bridget paint still, Pompey, ha?
ELBOWCome your ways, sir, come.
POMPEYYou will not bail me then, sir?
LUCIOThen, Pompey, nor now.—What news abroad, friar? What news?
ELBOWCome your ways, sir, come.
LUCIOGo to kennel, Pompey, go.
Exeunt Elbow, Pompey and Officers.
DUKEI know none. Can you tell me of any?
LUCIOSome say he is with the Emperor of Russia; other some, he is in Rome.
But where is he, think you?
DUKEI know not where, but wheresoever, I wish him well.
LUCIOIt was a mad fantastical trick of him to steal from the state and usurp
the beggary he was never born to. Lord Angelo dukes it well in his
absence. He puts transgression to’t.
DUKEHe does well in’t.
LUCIOA little more lenity to lechery would do no harm in him. Something too
crabbed that way, friar.
DUKEIt is too general a vice, and severity must cure it.
LUCIOYes, in good sooth, the vice is of a great kindred; it is well allied;
but it is impossible to extirp it quite, friar, till eating and
drinking be put down. They say this Angelo was not made by man and
woman after this downright way of creation. Is it true, think you?
DUKEHow should he be made, then?
LUCIOSome report a sea-maid spawned him; some, that he was begot between two
stockfishes. But it is certain that when he makes water, his urine is
congealed ice; that I know to be true. And he is a motion ungenerative;
that’s infallible.
DUKEYou are pleasant, sir, and speak apace.
LUCIOWhy, what a ruthless thing is this in him, for the rebellion of a
codpiece to take away the life of a man! Would the Duke that is absent
have done this? Ere he would have hanged a man for the getting a
hundred bastards, he would have paid for the nursing a thousand. He had
some feeling of the sport; he knew the service, and that instructed him
to mercy.
DUKEI never heard the absent Duke much detected for women; he was not
inclined that way.
LUCIOO, sir, you are deceived.
DUKE’Tis not possible.
LUCIOWho, not the Duke? Yes, your beggar of fifty; and his use was to put a
ducat in her clack-dish. The Duke had crotchets in him. He would be
drunk too, that let me inform you.
DUKEYou do him wrong, surely.
LUCIOSir, I was an inward of his. A shy fellow was the Duke; and I believe I
know the cause of his withdrawing.
DUKEWhat, I prithee, might be the cause?
LUCIONo, pardon. ’Tis a secret must be locked within the teeth and the lips.
But this I can let you understand: the greater file of the subject held
the Duke to be wise.
DUKEWise? Why, no question but he was.
LUCIOA very superficial, ignorant, unweighing fellow.
DUKEEither this is envy in you, folly, or mistaking. The very stream of his
life, and the business he hath helmed, must upon a warranted need give
him a better proclamation. Let him be but testimonied in his own
bringings-forth, and he shall appear to the envious a scholar, a
statesman, and a soldier. Therefore you speak unskilfully. Or, if your
knowledge be more, it is much darkened in your malice.
LUCIOSir, I know him, and I love him.
DUKELove talks with better knowledge, and knowledge with dearer love.
LUCIOCome, sir, I know what I know.
DUKEI can hardly believe that, since you know not what you speak. But, if
ever the Duke return, as our prayers are he may, let me desire you to
make your answer before him. If it be honest you have spoke, you have
courage to maintain it. I am bound to call upon you, and I pray you
your name?
LUCIOSir, my name is Lucio, well known to the Duke.
DUKEHe shall know you better, sir, if I may live to report you.
LUCIOI fear you not.
DUKEO, you hope the Duke will return no more; or you imagine me too
unhurtful an opposite. But indeed, I can do you little harm. You’ll
forswear this again.
LUCIOI’ll be hanged first! Thou art deceived in me, friar. But no more of
this. Canst thou tell if Claudio die tomorrow or no?
DUKEWhy should he die, sir?
LUCIOWhy? For filling a bottle with a tun-dish. I would the Duke we talk of
were returned again. This ungenitured agent will unpeople the province
with continency. Sparrows must not build in his house-eaves because
they are lecherous. The Duke yet would have dark deeds darkly answered.
He would never bring them to light. Would he were returned! Marry, this
Claudio is condemned for untrussing. Farewell, good friar, I prithee
pray for me. The Duke, I say to thee again, would eat mutton on
Fridays. He’s now past it; yet, and, I say to thee, he would mouth with
a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic. Say that I said so.
Farewell.
Exit.
DUKENo might nor greatness in mortality
Can censure ’scape. Back-wounding calumny
The whitest virtue strikes. What king so strong
Can tie the gall up in the slanderous tongue?
But who comes here?
Enter Escalus, Provost and Officers with Mistress Overdone, a Bawd.
ESCALUSGo, away with her to prison.
BAWDGood my lord, be good to me. Your honour is accounted a merciful man,
good my lord.
ESCALUSDouble and treble admonition, and still forfeit in the same kind? This
would make mercy swear and play the tyrant.
PROVOSTA bawd of eleven years’ continuance, may it please your honour.
BAWDMy lord, this is one Lucio’s information against me. Mistress Kate
Keepdown was with child by him in the Duke’s time; he promised her
marriage. His child is a year and a quarter old come Philip and Jacob.
I have kept it myself; and see how he goes about to abuse me.
ESCALUSThat fellow is a fellow of much license. Let him be called before us.
Away with her to prison. Go to, no more words.
Exeunt Officers with Bawd.
PROVOSTSo please you, this friar hath been with him, and advised him for th’
entertainment of death.
ESCALUSGood even, good father.
DUKEBliss and goodness on you!
ESCALUSOf whence are you?
DUKENot of this country, though my chance is now
To use it for my time. I am a brother
Of gracious order, late come from the See
In special business from his Holiness.
ESCALUSWhat news abroad i’ th’ world?
DUKENone, but that there is so great a fever on goodness that the
dissolution of it must cure it. Novelty is only in request, and as it
is as dangerous to be aged in any kind of course as it is virtuous to
be constant in any undertaking. There is scarce truth enough alive to
make societies secure; but security enough to make fellowships
accursed. Much upon this riddle runs the wisdom of the world. This news
is old enough, yet it is every day’s news. I pray you, sir, of what
disposition was the Duke?
ESCALUSOne that, above all other strifes, contended especially to know
himself.
DUKEWhat pleasure was he given to?
ESCALUSRather rejoicing to see another merry, than merry at anything which
professed to make him rejoice. A gentleman of all temperance. But leave
we him to his events, with a prayer they may prove prosperous, and let
me desire to know how you find Claudio prepared. I am made to
understand that you have lent him visitation.
DUKEHe professes to have received no sinister measure from his judge, but
most willingly humbles himself to the determination of justice. Yet had
he framed to himself, by the instruction of his frailty, many deceiving
promises of life, which I, by my good leisure, have discredited to him,
and now he is resolved to die.
ESCALUSYou have paid the heavens your function, and the prisoner the very debt
of your calling. I have laboured for the poor gentleman to the
extremest shore of my modesty, but my brother justice have I found so
severe that he hath forced me to tell him he is indeed Justice.
DUKEIf his own life answer the straitness of his proceeding, it shall
become him well; wherein if he chance to fail, he hath sentenced
himself.
ESCALUSI am going to visit the prisoner. Fare you well.
DUKEPeace be with you.
Exeunt Escalus and Provost.
Exit.
Act IV
Scene I
Enter Mariana and a Boy singing.
Enter Duke as a Friar.
MARIANABreak off thy song, and haste thee quick away;
Here comes a man of comfort, whose advice
Hath often stilled my brawling discontent.
Exit Boy.
DUKE’Tis good; though music oft hath such a charm
To make bad good and good provoke to harm.
I pray you tell me, hath anybody inquired for me here today? Much upon
this time have I promised here to meet.
MARIANAYou have not been inquired after. I have sat here all day.
Enter Isabella.
DUKEI do constantly believe you. The time is come even now. I shall crave
your forbearance a little. Maybe I will call upon you anon for some
advantage to yourself.
MARIANAI am always bound to you.
Exit.
DUKEVery well met, and welcome.
What is the news from this good deputy?
ISABELLAHe hath a garden circummured with brick,
Whose western side is with a vineyard backed;
And to that vineyard is a planched gate
That makes his opening with this bigger key.
This other doth command a little door
Which from the vineyard to the garden leads;
There have I made my promise, upon the
Heavy middle of the night to call on him.
DUKEBut shall you on your knowledge find this way?
ISABELLAI have ta’en a due and wary note upon’t;
With whispering and most guilty diligence,
In action all of precept, he did show me
The way twice o’er.
DUKEAre there no other tokens
Between you ’greed concerning her observance?
ISABELLANo, none, but only a repair i’ th’ dark,
And that I have possessed him my most stay
Can be but brief, for I have made him know
I have a servant comes with me along,
That stays upon me; whose persuasion is
I come about my brother.
DUKE’Tis well borne up.
I have not yet made known to Mariana
A word of this.—What ho, within! Come forth.
Enter Mariana.
ISABELLAI do desire the like.
DUKEDo you persuade yourself that I respect you?
MARIANAGood friar, I know you do, and have found it.
DUKETake, then, this your companion by the hand,
Who hath a story ready for your ear.
I shall attend your leisure; but make haste.
The vaporous night approaches.
MARIANAWill’t please you walk aside?
Exeunt Mariana and Isabella.
DUKEO place and greatness, millions of false eyes
Are stuck upon thee; volumes of report
Run with these false, and most contrarious quest
Upon thy doings; thousand escapes of wit
Make thee the father of their idle dream
And rack thee in their fancies.
Enter Mariana and Isabella.
ISABELLAShe’ll take the enterprise upon her, father,
If you advise it.
DUKEIt is not my consent,
But my entreaty too.
ISABELLALittle have you to say
When you depart from him, but, soft and low,
“Remember now my brother.”
MARIANAFear me not.
DUKENor, gentle daughter, fear you not at all.
He is your husband on a pre-contract.
To bring you thus together ’tis no sin,
Sith that the justice of your title to him
Doth flourish the deceit. Come, let us go;
Our corn’s to reap, for yet our tithe’s to sow.
Exeunt.
Scene II
Enter Provost and Pompey.
PROVOSTCome hither, sirrah. Can you cut off a man’s head?
POMPEYIf the man be a bachelor, sir, I can; but if he be a married man, he’s
his wife’s head, and I can never cut off a woman’s head.
PROVOSTCome, sir, leave me your snatches, and yield me a direct answer.
Tomorrow morning are to die Claudio and Barnardine. Here is in our
prison a common executioner, who in his office lacks a helper; if you
will take it on you to assist him, it shall redeem you from your gyves;
if not, you shall have your full time of imprisonment, and your
deliverance with an unpitied whipping; for you have been a notorious
bawd.
POMPEYSir, I have been an unlawful bawd time out of mind, but yet I will be
content to be a lawful hangman. I would be glad to receive some
instruction from my fellow-partner.
PROVOSTWhat ho, Abhorson! Where’s Abhorson, there?
Enter Abhorson.
ABHORSONDo you call, sir?
PROVOSTSirrah, here’s a fellow will help you tomorrow in your execution. If
you think it meet, compound with him by the year, and let him abide
here with you; if not, use him for the present, and dismiss him. He
cannot plead his estimation with you; he hath been a bawd.
ABHORSONA bawd, sir? Fie upon him, he will discredit our mystery.
PROVOSTGo to, sir; you weigh equally. A feather will turn the scale.
Exit.
POMPEYPray, sir, by your good favour—for surely, sir, a good favour you have,
but that you have a hanging look—do you call, sir, your occupation a
mystery?
ABHORSONAy, sir, a mystery.
POMPEYPainting, sir, I have heard say, is a mystery; and your whores, sir,
being members of my occupation, using painting, do prove my occupation
a mystery. But what mystery there should be in hanging, if I should be
hanged, I cannot imagine.
ABHORSONSir, it is a mystery.
POMPEYProof.
ABHORSONEvery true man’s apparel fits your thief. If it be too little for your
thief, your true man thinks it big enough; if it be too big for your
thief, your thief thinks it little enough. So every true man’s apparel
fits your thief.
Enter Provost.
PROVOSTAre you agreed?
POMPEYSir, I will serve him; for I do find your hangman is a more penitent
trade than your bawd. He doth oftener ask forgiveness.
PROVOSTYou, sirrah, provide your block and your axe tomorrow four o’clock.
ABHORSONCome on, bawd. I will instruct thee in my trade. Follow.
POMPEYI do desire to learn, sir; and I hope, if you have occasion to use me
for your own turn, you shall find me yare. For truly, sir, for your
kindness I owe you a good turn.
PROVOSTCall hither Barnardine and Claudio.
Exeunt Abhorson and Pompey.
Enter Claudio.
CLAUDIOAs fast locked up in sleep as guiltless labour
When it lies starkly in the traveller’s bones.
He will not wake.
PROVOSTWho can do good on him?
Well, go, prepare yourself. [_Knocking within_.] But hark, what noise?
Heaven give your spirits comfort!
Exit Claudio. Knock within.
Enter Duke.
DUKEThe best and wholesom’st spirits of the night
Envelop you, good Provost! Who called here of late?
PROVOSTNone, since the curfew rung.
DUKENot Isabel?
PROVOSTNo.
DUKEThey will then, ere’t be long.
PROVOSTWhat comfort is for Claudio?
DUKEThere’s some in hope.
PROVOSTIt is a bitter deputy.
DUKENot so, not so. His life is paralleled
Even with the stroke and line of his great justice.
He doth with holy abstinence subdue
That in himself which he spurs on his power
To qualify in others. Were he mealed with that
Which he corrects, then were he tyrannous;
But this being so, he’s just.
Now are they come.
This is a gentle provost. Seldom when
The steeled gaoler is the friend of men.
How now? What noise? That spirit’s possessed with haste
That wounds th’ unsisting postern with these strokes.
Provost returns.
PROVOSTThere he must stay until the officer
Arise to let him in. He is called up.
DUKEHave you no countermand for Claudio yet,
But he must die tomorrow?
PROVOSTNone, sir, none.
DUKEAs near the dawning, Provost, as it is,
You shall hear more ere morning.
PROVOSTHappily
You something know, yet I believe there comes
No countermand. No such example have we.
Besides, upon the very siege of justice
Lord Angelo hath to the public ear
Professed the contrary.
Enter a Messenger.
DUKEAnd here comes Claudio’s pardon.
MESSENGERMy lord hath sent you this note, and by me this further charge: that
you swerve not from the smallest article of it, neither in time,
matter, or other circumstance. Good morrow; for, as I take it, it is
almost day.
PROVOSTI shall obey him.
Exit Messenger.
DUKE[_Aside_.] This is his pardon, purchased by such sin
For which the pardoner himself is in.
Hence hath offence his quick celerity,
When it is borne in high authority.
When vice makes mercy, mercy’s so extended
That for the fault’s love is th’ offender friended.
Now, sir, what news?
PROVOSTI told you: Lord Angelo, belike thinking me remiss in mine office,
awakens me with this unwonted putting-on; methinks strangely, for he
hath not used it before.
DUKEPray you, let’s hear.
PROVOST[_Reads_.] _Whatsoever you may hear to the contrary, let Claudio be
executed by four of the clock, and in the afternoon, Barnardine. For my
better satisfaction, let me have Claudio’s head sent me by five. Let
this be duly performed, with a thought that more depends on it than we
must yet deliver. Thus fail not to do your office, as you will answer
it at your peril._
What say you to this, sir?
DUKEWhat is that Barnardine who is to be executed in th’ afternoon?
PROVOSTA Bohemian born, but here nursed up and bred; one that is a prisoner
nine years old.
DUKEHow came it that the absent Duke had not either delivered him to his
liberty, or executed him? I have heard it was ever his manner to do so.
PROVOSTHis friends still wrought reprieves for him; and indeed, his fact till
now in the government of Lord Angelo, came not to an undoubtful proof.
DUKEIt is now apparent?
PROVOSTMost manifest, and not denied by himself.
DUKEHath he borne himself penitently in prison? How seems he to be touched?
PROVOSTA man that apprehends death no more dreadfully but as a drunken sleep;
careless, reckless, and fearless of what’s past, present, or to come;
insensible of mortality and desperately mortal.
DUKEHe wants advice.
PROVOSTHe will hear none. He hath evermore had the liberty of the prison; give
him leave to escape hence, he would not. Drunk many times a day, if not
many days entirely drunk. We have very oft awaked him, as if to carry
him to execution, and showed him a seeming warrant for it. It hath not
moved him at all.
DUKEMore of him anon. There is written in your brow, Provost, honesty and
constancy; if I read it not truly, my ancient skill beguiles me. But in
the boldness of my cunning I will lay myself in hazard. Claudio, whom
here you have warrant to execute, is no greater forfeit to the law than
Angelo who hath sentenced him. To make you understand this in a
manifested effect, I crave but four days’ respite, for the which you
are to do me both a present and a dangerous courtesy.
PROVOSTPray, sir, in what?
DUKEIn the delaying death.
PROVOSTAlack, how may I do it? Having the hour limited, and an express
command, under penalty, to deliver his head in the view of Angelo? I
may make my case as Claudio’s, to cross this in the smallest.
DUKEBy the vow of mine order, I warrant you, if my instructions may be your
guide. Let this Barnardine be this morning executed, and his head borne
to Angelo.
PROVOSTAngelo hath seen them both, and will discover the favour.
DUKEO, death’s a great disguiser, and you may add to it. Shave the head and
tie the beard, and say it was the desire of the penitent to be so bared
before his death. You know the course is common. If anything fall to
you upon this, more than thanks and good fortune, by the saint whom I
profess, I will plead against it with my life.
PROVOSTPardon me, good father; it is against my oath.
DUKEWere you sworn to the Duke, or to the Deputy?
PROVOSTTo him and to his substitutes.
DUKEYou will think you have made no offence if the Duke avouch the justice
of your dealing?
PROVOSTBut what likelihood is in that?
DUKENot a resemblance, but a certainty. Yet since I see you fearful, that
neither my coat, integrity, nor persuasion, can with ease attempt you,
I will go further than I meant, to pluck all fears out of you. Look
you, sir, here is the hand and seal of the Duke. You know the
character, I doubt not, and the signet is not strange to you.
PROVOSTI know them both.
DUKEThe contents of this is the return of the Duke; you shall anon
over-read it at your pleasure, where you shall find within these two
days he will be here. This is a thing that Angelo knows not; for he
this very day receives letters of strange tenour, perchance of the
Duke’s death, perchance entering into some monastery; but, by chance,
nothing of what is writ. Look, th’ unfolding star calls up the
shepherd. Put not yourself into amazement how these things should be.
All difficulties are but easy when they are known. Call your
executioner, and off with Barnardine’s head. I will give him a present
shrift, and advise him for a better place. Yet you are amazed; but this
shall absolutely resolve you. Come away; it is almost clear dawn.
Exeunt.
Scene III
Enter Pompey.
POMPEYI am as well acquainted here as I was in our house of profession. One
would think it were Mistress Overdone’s own house, for here be many of
her old customers. First, here’s young Master Rash; he’s in for a
commodity of brown paper and old ginger, nine score and seventeen
pounds; of which he made five marks ready money. Marry, then ginger was
not much in request, for the old women were all dead. Then is there
here one Master Caper, at the suit of Master Three-pile the mercer, for
some four suits of peach-coloured satin, which now peaches him a
beggar. Then have we here young Dizie, and young Master Deep-vow, and
Master Copperspur, and Master Starve-lackey, the rapier and dagger man,
and young Drop-heir that killed lusty Pudding, and Master Forthright
the tilter, and brave Master Shoe-tie the great traveller, and wild
Half-can that stabbed Pots, and I think forty more, all great doers in
our trade, and are now “for the Lord’s sake.”
Enter Abhorson.
ABHORSONSirrah, bring Barnardine hither.
POMPEYMaster Barnardine! You must rise and be hanged, Master Barnardine.
ABHORSONWhat ho, Barnardine!
BARNARDINE[_Within_.] A pox o’ your throats! Who makes that noise there? What are
you?
POMPEYYour friends, sir; the hangman. You must be so good, sir, to rise and
be put to death.
BARNARDINE[_Within_.] Away, you rogue, away; I am sleepy.
ABHORSONTell him he must awake, and that quickly too.
POMPEYPray, Master Barnardine, awake till you are executed, and sleep
afterwards.
ABHORSONGo in to him, and fetch him out.
POMPEYHe is coming, sir, he is coming. I hear his straw rustle.
Enter Barnardine.
ABHORSONIs the axe upon the block, sirrah?
POMPEYVery ready, sir.
BARNARDINEHow now, Abhorson? What’s the news with you?
ABHORSONTruly, sir, I would desire you to clap into your prayers; for, look
you, the warrant’s come.
BARNARDINEYou rogue, I have been drinking all night; I am not fitted for’t.
POMPEYO, the better, sir; for he that drinks all night and is hanged betimes
in the morning may sleep the sounder all the next day.
Enter Duke.
ABHORSONLook you, sir, here comes your ghostly father. Do we jest now, think
you?
DUKESir, induced by my charity, and hearing how hastily you are to depart,
I am come to advise you, comfort you, and pray with you.
BARNARDINEFriar, not I. I have been drinking hard all night, and I will have more
time to prepare me, or they shall beat out my brains with billets. I
will not consent to die this day, that’s certain.
DUKEO, sir, you must; and therefore I beseech you
Look forward on the journey you shall go.
BARNARDINEI swear I will not die today for any man’s persuasion.
DUKEBut hear you—
BARNARDINENot a word. If you have anything to say to me, come to my ward, for
thence will not I today.
Exit.
DUKEUnfit to live or die. O gravel heart!
After him, fellows; bring him to the block.
Exeunt Abhorson and Pompey.
Enter Provost.
PROVOSTNow, sir, how do you find the prisoner?
DUKEA creature unprepared, unmeet for death;
And to transport him in the mind he is
Were damnable.
PROVOSTHere in the prison, father,
There died this morning of a cruel fever
One Ragozine, a most notorious pirate,
A man of Claudio’s years; his beard and head
Just of his colour. What if we do omit
This reprobate till he were well inclined,
And satisfy the Deputy with the visage
Of Ragozine, more like to Claudio?
DUKEO, ’tis an accident that heaven provides!
Dispatch it presently; the hour draws on
Prefixed by Angelo. See this be done,
And sent according to command, whiles I
Persuade this rude wretch willingly to die.
PROVOSTThis shall be done, good father, presently.
But Barnardine must die this afternoon;
And how shall we continue Claudio,
To save me from the danger that might come
If he were known alive?
DUKELet this be done:
Put them in secret holds, both Barnardine and Claudio.
Ere twice the sun hath made his journal greeting
To yonder generation, you shall find
Your safety manifested.
PROVOSTI am your free dependant.
DUKEQuick, dispatch, and send the head to Angelo.
Exit Provost.
Enter Provost.
PROVOSTHere is the head; I’ll carry it myself.
DUKEConvenient is it. Make a swift return;
For I would commune with you of such things
That want no ear but yours.
PROVOSTI’ll make all speed.
Exit.
ISABELLA[_Within_.] Peace, ho, be here!
DUKEThe tongue of Isabel. She’s come to know
If yet her brother’s pardon be come hither.
But I will keep her ignorant of her good,
To make her heavenly comforts of despair
When it is least expected.
Enter Isabella.
ISABELLAHo, by your leave!
DUKEGood morning to you, fair and gracious daughter.
ISABELLAThe better, given me by so holy a man.
Hath yet the Deputy sent my brother’s pardon?
DUKEHe hath released him, Isabel, from the world.
His head is off, and sent to Angelo.
ISABELLANay, but it is not so.
DUKEIt is no other.
Show your wisdom, daughter, in your close patience.
ISABELLAO, I will to him and pluck out his eyes!
DUKEYou shall not be admitted to his sight.
ISABELLAUnhappy Claudio! Wretched Isabel!
Injurious world! Most damned Angelo!
DUKEThis nor hurts him nor profits you a jot.
Forbear it, therefore; give your cause to heaven.
Mark what I say, which you shall find
By every syllable a faithful verity.
The Duke comes home tomorrow;—nay, dry your eyes.
One of our convent, and his confessor,
Gives me this instance. Already he hath carried
Notice to Escalus and Angelo,
Who do prepare to meet him at the gates,
There to give up their power. If you can, pace your wisdom
In that good path that I would wish it go,
And you shall have your bosom on this wretch,
Grace of the Duke, revenges to your heart,
And general honour.
ISABELLAI am directed by you.
DUKEThis letter, then, to Friar Peter give;
’Tis that he sent me of the Duke’s return.
Say, by this token, I desire his company
At Mariana’s house tonight. Her cause and yours
I’ll perfect him withal, and he shall bring you
Before the Duke; and to the head of Angelo
Accuse him home and home. For my poor self,
I am combined by a sacred vow,
And shall be absent. Wend you with this letter.
Command these fretting waters from your eyes
With a light heart; trust not my holy order,
If I pervert your course.—Who’s here?
Enter Lucio.
LUCIOGood even. Friar, where is the Provost?
DUKENot within, sir.
LUCIOO pretty Isabella, I am pale at mine heart to see thine eyes so red.
Thou must be patient. I am fain to dine and sup with water and bran. I
dare not for my head fill my belly. One fruitful meal would set me
to’t. But they say the Duke will be here tomorrow. By my troth, Isabel,
I loved thy brother. If the old fantastical duke of dark corners had
been at home, he had lived.
Exit Isabella.
DUKESir, the Duke is marvellous little beholding to your reports; but the
best is, he lives not in them.
LUCIOFriar, thou knowest not the Duke so well as I do. He’s a better woodman
than thou tak’st him for.
DUKEWell, you’ll answer this one day. Fare ye well.
LUCIONay, tarry, I’ll go along with thee. I can tell thee pretty tales of
the Duke.
DUKEYou have told me too many of him already, sir, if they be true; if not
true, none were enough.
LUCIOI was once before him for getting a wench with child.
DUKEDid you such a thing?
LUCIOYes, marry, did I; but I was fain to forswear it. They would else have
married me to the rotten medlar.
DUKESir, your company is fairer than honest. Rest you well.
LUCIOBy my troth, I’ll go with thee to the lane’s end. If bawdy talk offend
you, we’ll have very little of it. Nay, friar, I am a kind of burr; I
shall stick.
Exeunt.
Scene IV
Enter Angelo and Escalus.
ESCALUSEvery letter he hath writ hath disvouched other.
ANGELOIn most uneven and distracted manner. His actions show much like to
madness; pray heaven his wisdom be not tainted. And why meet him at the
gates and redeliver our authorities there?
ESCALUSI guess not.
ANGELOAnd why should we proclaim it in an hour before his entering, that if
any crave redress of injustice, they should exhibit their petitions in
the street?
ESCALUSHe shows his reason for that: to have a dispatch of complaints, and to
deliver us from devices hereafter, which shall then have no power to
stand against us.
ANGELOWell, I beseech you, let it be proclaimed.
Betimes i’ th’ morn I’ll call you at your house.
Give notice to such men of sort and suit
As are to meet him.
ESCALUSI shall, sir. Fare you well.
Exit.
ANGELOGood night.
This deed unshapes me quite, makes me unpregnant
And dull to all proceedings. A deflowered maid;
And by an eminent body that enforced
The law against it! But that her tender shame
Will not proclaim against her maiden loss,
How might she tongue me! Yet reason dares her no,
For my authority bears so credent bulk
That no particular scandal once can touch
But it confounds the breather. He should have lived,
Save that his riotous youth, with dangerous sense,
Might in the times to come have ta’en revenge
By so receiving a dishonoured life
With ransom of such shame. Would yet he had lived.
Alack, when once our grace we have forgot,
Nothing goes right; we would, and we would not.
Exit.
Scene V
Enter Duke, in his own habit, and Friar Peter.
DUKEThese letters at fit time deliver me.
The Provost knows our purpose and our plot.
The matter being afoot, keep your instruction
And hold you ever to our special drift,
Though sometimes you do blench from this to that
As cause doth minister. Go call at Flavius’ house,
And tell him where I stay. Give the like notice
To Valencius, Rowland, and to Crassus,
And bid them bring the trumpets to the gate.
But send me Flavius first.
FRIAR PETERIt shall be speeded well.
Exit Friar Peter.
Enter Varrius.
DUKEI thank thee, Varrius, thou hast made good haste.
Come, we will walk. There’s other of our friends
Will greet us here anon. My gentle Varrius.
Exeunt.
Scene VI
Enter Isabella and Mariana.
ISABELLATo speak so indirectly I am loath;
I would say the truth, but to accuse him so
That is your part; yet I am advised to do it,
He says, to veil full purpose.
MARIANABe ruled by him.
ISABELLABesides, he tells me that, if peradventure
He speak against me on the adverse side,
I should not think it strange, for ’tis a physic
That’s bitter to sweet end.
MARIANAI would Friar Peter—
Enter Friar Peter.
ISABELLAO, peace, the friar is come.
FRIAR PETERCome, I have found you out a stand most fit,
Where you may have such vantage on the Duke
He shall not pass you. Twice have the trumpets sounded.
The generous and gravest citizens
Have hent the gates, and very near upon
The Duke is entering. Therefore hence, away.
Exeunt.
Act V
Scene I
Enter at several doors Duke, Varrius, Lords; Angelo, Escalus, Lucio,
DUKEMy very worthy cousin, fairly met.
Our old and faithful friend, we are glad to see you.
ANGELO and ESCALUS.
Happy return be to your royal grace!
DUKEMany and hearty thankings to you both.
We have made inquiry of you, and we hear
Such goodness of your justice that our soul
Cannot but yield you forth to public thanks,
Forerunning more requital.
ANGELOYou make my bonds still greater.
DUKEO, your desert speaks loud, and I should wrong it
To lock it in the wards of covert bosom,
When it deserves with characters of brass
A forted residence ’gainst the tooth of time
And rasure of oblivion. Give me your hand
And let the subject see, to make them know
That outward courtesies would fain proclaim
Favours that keep within.—Come, Escalus,
You must walk by us on our other hand.
And good supporters are you.
Enter Friar Peter and Isabella.
FRIAR PETERNow is your time. Speak loud, and kneel before him.
ISABELLAJustice, O royal Duke! Vail your regard
Upon a wronged—I would fain have said, a maid.
O worthy prince, dishonour not your eye
By throwing it on any other object
Till you have heard me in my true complaint,
And given me justice, justice, justice, justice!
DUKERelate your wrongs. In what? By whom? Be brief.
Here is Lord Angelo shall give you justice.
Reveal yourself to him.
ISABELLAO worthy Duke,
You bid me seek redemption of the devil.
Hear me yourself, for that which I must speak
Must either punish me, not being believed,
Or wring redress from you. Hear me, O hear me, here!
ANGELOMy lord, her wits, I fear me, are not firm.
She hath been a suitor to me for her brother,
Cut off by course of justice.
ISABELLABy course of justice!
ANGELOAnd she will speak most bitterly and strange.
ISABELLAMost strange, but yet most truly will I speak.
That Angelo’s forsworn, is it not strange?
That Angelo’s a murderer, is’t not strange?
That Angelo is an adulterous thief,
An hypocrite, a virgin-violator,
Is it not strange and strange?
DUKENay, it is ten times strange.
ISABELLAIt is not truer he is Angelo
Than this is all as true as it is strange.
Nay, it is ten times true, for truth is truth
To th’ end of reckoning.
DUKEAway with her. Poor soul,
She speaks this in th’ infirmity of sense.
ISABELLAO Prince, I conjure thee, as thou believ’st
There is another comfort than this world,
That thou neglect me not with that opinion
That I am touched with madness. Make not impossible
That which but seems unlike. ’Tis not impossible
But one, the wicked’st caitiff on the ground,
May seem as shy, as grave, as just, as absolute,
As Angelo; even so may Angelo,
In all his dressings, characts, titles, forms,
Be an arch-villain. Believe it, royal Prince,
If he be less, he’s nothing; but he’s more,
Had I more name for badness.
DUKEBy mine honesty,
If she be mad, as I believe no other,
Her madness hath the oddest frame of sense,
Such a dependency of thing on thing,
As e’er I heard in madness.
ISABELLAO gracious Duke,
Harp not on that; nor do not banish reason
For inequality; but let your reason serve
To make the truth appear where it seems hid,
And hide the false seems true.
DUKEMany that are not mad
Have, sure, more lack of reason. What would you say?
ISABELLAI am the sister of one Claudio,
Condemned upon the act of fornication
To lose his head; condemned by Angelo.
I, in probation of a sisterhood,
Was sent to by my brother; one Lucio
As then the messenger.
LUCIOThat’s I, an’t like your Grace.
I came to her from Claudio and desired her
To try her gracious fortune with Lord Angelo
For her poor brother’s pardon.
ISABELLAThat’s he, indeed.
DUKEYou were not bid to speak.
LUCIONo, my good lord,
Nor wished to hold my peace.
DUKEI wish you now, then;
Pray you take note of it; and when you have
A business for yourself, pray heaven you then
Be perfect.
LUCIOI warrant your honour.
DUKEThe warrant’s for yourself. Take heed to it.
ISABELLAThis gentleman told somewhat of my tale.
LUCIORight.
DUKEIt may be right, but you are i’ the wrong
To speak before your time.—Proceed.
ISABELLAI went
To this pernicious caitiff deputy.
DUKEThat’s somewhat madly spoken.
ISABELLAPardon it;
The phrase is to the matter.
DUKEMended again. The matter; proceed.
ISABELLAIn brief, to set the needless process by:
How I persuaded, how I prayed and kneeled,
How he refelled me, and how I replied—
For this was of much length—the vile conclusion
I now begin with grief and shame to utter.
He would not, but by gift of my chaste body
To his concupiscible intemperate lust,
Release my brother; and after much debatement,
My sisterly remorse confutes mine honour,
And I did yield to him. But the next morn betimes,
His purpose surfeiting, he sends a warrant
For my poor brother’s head.
DUKEThis is most likely!
ISABELLAO, that it were as like as it is true!
DUKEBy heaven, fond wretch, thou know’st not what thou speak’st,
Or else thou art suborned against his honour
In hateful practice. First, his integrity
Stands without blemish; next, it imports no reason
That with such vehemency he should pursue
Faults proper to himself. If he had so offended,
He would have weighed thy brother by himself,
And not have cut him off. Someone hath set you on.
Confess the truth, and say by whose advice
Thou cam’st here to complain.
ISABELLAAnd is this all?
Then, O you blessed ministers above,
Keep me in patience, and with ripened time
Unfold the evil which is here wrapt up
In countenance! Heaven shield your Grace from woe,
As I, thus wronged, hence unbelieved go.
DUKEI know you’d fain be gone. An officer!
To prison with her! Shall we thus permit
A blasting and a scandalous breath to fall
On him so near us? This needs must be a practice.
Who knew of your intent and coming hither?
ISABELLAOne that I would were here, Friar Lodowick.
Exeunt Officer with Isabella.
DUKEA ghostly father, belike. Who knows that Lodowick?
LUCIOMy lord, I know him. ’Tis a meddling friar.
I do not like the man. Had he been lay, my lord,
For certain words he spake against your Grace
In your retirement, I had swinged him soundly.
DUKEWords against me? This’s a good friar, belike.
And to set on this wretched woman here
Against our substitute! Let this friar be found.
LUCIOBut yesternight, my lord, she and that friar,
I saw them at the prison. A saucy friar,
A very scurvy fellow.
FRIAR PETERBlessed be your royal Grace!
I have stood by, my lord, and I have heard
Your royal ear abused. First hath this woman
Most wrongfully accused your substitute,
Who is as free from touch or soil with her
As she from one ungot.
DUKEWe did believe no less.
Know you that Friar Lodowick that she speaks of?
FRIAR PETERI know him for a man divine and holy,
Not scurvy, nor a temporary meddler,
As he’s reported by this gentleman;
And, on my trust, a man that never yet
Did, as he vouches, misreport your Grace.
LUCIOMy lord, most villainously; believe it.
FRIAR PETERWell, he in time may come to clear himself;
But at this instant he is sick, my lord,
Of a strange fever. Upon his mere request,
Being come to knowledge that there was complaint
Intended ’gainst Lord Angelo, came I hither
To speak, as from his mouth, what he doth know
Is true and false; and what he with his oath
And all probation will make up full clear
Whensoever he’s convented. First, for this woman,
To justify this worthy nobleman,
So vulgarly and personally accused,
Her shall you hear disproved to her eyes,
Till she herself confess it.
DUKEGood friar, let’s hear it.
Do you not smile at this, Lord Angelo?
O heaven, the vanity of wretched fools!
Give us some seats.—Come, cousin Angelo,
In this I’ll be impartial. Be you judge
Of your own cause.
Enter Mariana, veiled.
MARIANAPardon, my lord; I will not show my face
Until my husband bid me.
DUKEWhat, are you married?
MARIANANo, my lord.
DUKEAre you a maid?
MARIANANo, my lord.
DUKEA widow, then?
MARIANANeither, my lord.
DUKEWhy, you are nothing then, neither maid, widow, nor wife?
LUCIOMy lord, she may be a punk; for many of them are neither maid, widow,
nor wife.
DUKESilence that fellow. I would he had some cause to prattle for himself.
LUCIOWell, my lord.
MARIANAMy lord, I do confess I ne’er was married,
And I confess besides, I am no maid.
I have known my husband; yet my husband
Knows not that ever he knew me.
LUCIOHe was drunk, then, my lord; it can be no better.
DUKEFor the benefit of silence, would thou wert so too.
LUCIOWell, my lord.
DUKEThis is no witness for Lord Angelo.
MARIANANow I come to’t, my lord.
She that accuses him of fornication
In self-same manner doth accuse my husband,
And charges him, my lord, with such a time
When I’ll depose I had him in mine arms
With all th’ effect of love.
ANGELOCharges she more than me?
MARIANANot that I know.
DUKENo? You say your husband.
MARIANAWhy, just, my lord, and that is Angelo,
Who thinks he knows that he ne’er knew my body,
But knows, he thinks, that he knows Isabel’s.
ANGELOThis is a strange abuse. Let’s see thy face.
MARIANAMy husband bids me; now I will unmask. [_Unveiling_.]
This is that face, thou cruel Angelo,
Which once thou swor’st was worth the looking on.
This is the hand which, with a vowed contract,
Was fast belocked in thine. This is the body
That took away the match from Isabel
And did supply thee at thy garden-house
In her imagined person.
DUKEKnow you this woman?
LUCIOCarnally, she says.
DUKESirrah, no more.
LUCIOEnough, my lord.
ANGELOMy lord, I must confess I know this woman;
And five years since there was some speech of marriage
Betwixt myself and her; which was broke off,
Partly for that her promised proportions
Came short of composition; but in chief
For that her reputation was disvalued
In levity. Since which time of five years
I never spake with her, saw her, nor heard from her,
Upon my faith and honour.
MARIANANoble Prince,
As there comes light from heaven and words from breath,
As there is sense in truth and truth in virtue,
I am affianced this man’s wife as strongly
As words could make up vows. And, my good lord,
But Tuesday night last gone, in’s garden-house,
He knew me as a wife. As this is true,
Let me in safety raise me from my knees,
Or else for ever be confixed here,
A marble monument!
ANGELOI did but smile till now.
Now, good my lord, give me the scope of justice.
My patience here is touched. I do perceive
These poor informal women are no more
But instruments of some more mightier member
That sets them on. Let me have way, my lord,
To find this practice out.
DUKEAy, with my heart;
And punish them to your height of pleasure.
Thou foolish friar, and thou pernicious woman,
Compact with her that’s gone, think’st thou thy oaths,
Though they would swear down each particular saint,
Were testimonies against his worth and credit,
That’s sealed in approbation? You, Lord Escalus,
Sit with my cousin; lend him your kind pains
To find out this abuse, whence ’tis derived.
There is another friar that set them on;
Let him be sent for.
FRIAR PETERWould he were here, my lord; for he indeed
Hath set the women on to this complaint.
Your Provost knows the place where he abides,
And he may fetch him.
DUKEGo, do it instantly.
Exit Provost.
ESCALUSMy lord, we’ll do it throughly.
Exit Duke.
LUCIO_Cucullus non facit monachum_, honest in nothing but in his clothes,
and one that hath spoke most villainous speeches of the Duke.
ESCALUSWe shall entreat you to abide here till he come, and enforce them
against him. We shall find this friar a notable fellow.
LUCIOAs any in Vienna, on my word.
ESCALUSCall that same Isabel here once again. I would speak with her.
Exit an Attendant.
LUCIONot better than he, by her own report.
ESCALUSSay you?
LUCIOMarry, sir, I think, if you handled her privately, she would sooner
confess; perchance, publicly, she’ll be ashamed.
Enter at several doors Duke as a friar, Provost and Isabella with
ESCALUSI will go darkly to work with her.
LUCIOThat’s the way; for women are light at midnight.
ESCALUS[_To Isabella_.] Come on, mistress, here’s a gentlewoman denies all
that you have said.
LUCIOMy lord, here comes the rascal I spoke of, here with the Provost.
ESCALUSIn very good time. Speak not you to him till we call upon you.
LUCIOMum.
ESCALUSCome, sir, did you set these women on to slander Lord Angelo? They have
confessed you did.
DUKE’Tis false.
ESCALUSHow! Know you where you are?
DUKERespect to your great place; and let the devil
Be sometime honoured for his burning throne.
Where is the Duke? ’Tis he should hear me speak.
ESCALUSThe Duke’s in us; and we will hear you speak.
Look you speak justly.
DUKEBoldly, at least. But, O, poor souls,
Come you to seek the lamb here of the fox,
Good night to your redress! Is the Duke gone?
Then is your cause gone too. The Duke’s unjust
Thus to retort your manifest appeal,
And put your trial in the villain’s mouth
Which here you come to accuse.
LUCIOThis is the rascal; this is he I spoke of.
ESCALUSWhy, thou unreverend and unhallowed friar,
Is’t not enough thou hast suborned these women
To accuse this worthy man, but, in foul mouth,
And in the witness of his proper ear,
To call him villain? And then to glance from him
To th’ Duke himself, to tax him with injustice?
Take him hence! To th’ rack with him! We’ll touse you
Joint by joint, but we will know his purpose.
What! Unjust?
DUKEBe not so hot. The Duke
Dare no more stretch this finger of mine than he
Dare rack his own. His subject am I not,
Nor here provincial. My business in this state
Made me a looker-on here in Vienna,
Where I have seen corruption boil and bubble
Till it o’errun the stew. Laws for all faults,
But faults so countenanced that the strong statutes
Stand like the forfeits in a barber’s shop,
As much in mock as mark.
ESCALUSSlander to the state! Away with him to prison!
ANGELOWhat can you vouch against him, Signior Lucio?
Is this the man that you did tell us of?
LUCIO’Tis he, my lord. Come hither, goodman Baldpate.
Do you know me?
DUKEI remember you, sir, by the sound of your voice. I met you at the
prison, in the absence of the Duke.
LUCIOO did you so? And do you remember what you said of the Duke?
DUKEMost notedly, sir.
LUCIODo you so, sir? And was the Duke a fleshmonger, a fool, and a coward,
as you then reported him to be?
DUKEYou must, sir, change persons with me ere you make that my report. You
indeed spoke so of him, and much more, much worse.
LUCIOO thou damnable fellow! Did not I pluck thee by the nose for thy
speeches?
DUKEI protest I love the Duke as I love myself.
ANGELOHark how the villain would close now, after his treasonable abuses!
ESCALUSSuch a fellow is not to be talked withal. Away with him to prison!
Where is the provost? Away with him to prison! Lay bolts enough upon
him. Let him speak no more. Away with those giglets too, and with the
other confederate companion!
DUKEStay, sir, stay a while.
ANGELOWhat, resists he? Help him, Lucio.
LUCIOCome, sir, come, sir, come, sir. Foh, sir! Why, you bald-pated lying
rascal! You must be hooded, must you? Show your knave’s visage, with a
pox to you! Show your sheep-biting face, and be hanged an hour! Will’t
not off?
DUKEThou art the first knave that e’er mad’st a duke.
First, Provost, let me bail these gentle three.
[_To Lucio_.] Sneak not away, sir, for the friar and you
Must have a word anon.—Lay hold on him.
LUCIOThis may prove worse than hanging.
DUKE[_To Escalus_.] What you have spoke I pardon. Sit you down.
We’ll borrow place of him. [_To Angelo_.] Sir, by your leave.
Hast thou or word, or wit, or impudence,
That yet can do thee office? If thou hast,
Rely upon it till my tale be heard,
And hold no longer out.
ANGELOO my dread lord,
I should be guiltier than my guiltiness
To think I can be undiscernible,
When I perceive your Grace, like power divine,
Hath looked upon my passes. Then, good Prince,
No longer session hold upon my shame,
But let my trial be mine own confession.
Immediate sentence then, and sequent death
Is all the grace I beg.
DUKECome hither, Mariana.
Say, wast thou e’er contracted to this woman?
ANGELOI was, my lord.
DUKEGo, take her hence and marry her instantly.
Do you the office, friar; which consummate,
Return him here again.—Go with him, Provost.
Exeunt Angelo, Mariana, Friar Peter and Provost.
ESCALUSMy lord, I am more amazed at his dishonour
Than at the strangeness of it.
DUKECome hither, Isabel.
Your friar is now your prince. As I was then
Advertising and holy to your business,
Not changing heart with habit, I am still
Attorneyed at your service.
ISABELLAO, give me pardon,
That I, your vassal, have employed and pained
Your unknown sovereignty.
DUKEYou are pardoned, Isabel.
And now, dear maid, be you as free to us.
Your brother’s death, I know, sits at your heart,
And you may marvel why I obscured myself,
Labouring to save his life, and would not rather
Make rash remonstrance of my hidden power
Than let him so be lost. O most kind maid,
It was the swift celerity of his death,
Which I did think with slower foot came on,
That brained my purpose. But peace be with him.
That life is better life, past fearing death,
Than that which lives to fear. Make it your comfort,
So happy is your brother.
ISABELLAI do, my lord.
Enter Angelo, Mariana, Friar Peter and Provost.
DUKEFor this new-married man approaching here,
Whose salt imagination yet hath wronged
Your well-defended honour, you must pardon
For Mariana’s sake. But as he adjudged your brother,
Being criminal in double violation
Of sacred chastity and of promise-breach
Thereon dependent, for your brother’s life,
The very mercy of the law cries out
Most audible, even from his proper tongue,
“An Angelo for Claudio, death for death.”
Haste still pays haste, and leisure answers leisure;
Like doth quit like, and measure still for measure.
Then, Angelo, thy fault’s thus manifested,
Which, though thou wouldst deny, denies thee vantage.
We do condemn thee to the very block
Where Claudio stooped to death, and with like haste.
Away with him.
MARIANAO my most gracious lord,
I hope you will not mock me with a husband.
DUKEIt is your husband mocked you with a husband.
Consenting to the safeguard of your honour,
I thought your marriage fit. Else imputation,
For that he knew you, might reproach your life,
And choke your good to come. For his possessions,
Although by confiscation they are ours,
We do instate and widow you with all
To buy you a better husband.
MARIANAO my dear lord,
I crave no other, nor no better man.
DUKENever crave him; we are definitive.
MARIANA[_Kneeling_.] Gentle my liege—
DUKEYou do but lose your labour.
Away with him to death. [_To Lucio_.] Now, sir, to you.
MARIANAO my good lord.—Sweet Isabel, take my part;
Lend me your knees, and all my life to come
I’ll lend you all my life to do you service.
DUKEAgainst all sense you do importune her.
Should she kneel down in mercy of this fact,
Her brother’s ghost his paved bed would break,
And take her hence in horror.
MARIANAIsabel,
Sweet Isabel, do yet but kneel by me;
Hold up your hands, say nothing. I’ll speak all.
They say best men are moulded out of faults,
And, for the most, become much more the better
For being a little bad. So may my husband.
O Isabel, will you not lend a knee?
DUKEHe dies for Claudio’s death.
ISABELLA[_Kneeling_.] Most bounteous sir,
Look, if it please you, on this man condemned
As if my brother lived. I partly think
A due sincerity governed his deeds
Till he did look on me. Since it is so,
Let him not die. My brother had but justice,
In that he did the thing for which he died.
For Angelo,
His act did not o’ertake his bad intent,
And must be buried but as an intent
That perished by the way. Thoughts are no subjects;
Intents but merely thoughts.
MARIANAMerely, my lord.
DUKEYour suit’s unprofitable. Stand up, I say.
I have bethought me of another fault.
Provost, how came it Claudio was beheaded
At an unusual hour?
PROVOSTIt was commanded so.
DUKEHad you a special warrant for the deed?
PROVOSTNo, my good lord, it was by private message.
DUKEFor which I do discharge you of your office.
Give up your keys.
PROVOSTPardon me, noble lord.
I thought it was a fault, but knew it not;
Yet did repent me after more advice.
For testimony whereof, one in the prison
That should by private order else have died,
I have reserved alive.
DUKEWhat’s he?
PROVOSTHis name is Barnardine.
DUKEI would thou hadst done so by Claudio.
Go fetch him hither, let me look upon him.
Exit Provost.
ESCALUSI am sorry one so learned and so wise
As you, Lord Angelo, have still appeared,
Should slip so grossly, both in the heat of blood
And lack of tempered judgement afterward.
ANGELOI am sorry that such sorrow I procure,
And so deep sticks it in my penitent heart
That I crave death more willingly than mercy;
’Tis my deserving, and I do entreat it.
Enter Provost with Barnardine, Claudio (muffled) and Juliet.
DUKEWhich is that Barnardine?
PROVOSTThis, my lord.
DUKEThere was a friar told me of this man.
Sirrah, thou art said to have a stubborn soul
That apprehends no further than this world,
And squar’st thy life according. Thou’rt condemned;
But, for those earthly faults, I quit them all,
And pray thee take this mercy to provide
For better times to come. Friar, advise him;
I leave him to your hand.—What muffled fellow’s that?
PROVOSTThis is another prisoner that I saved,
Who should have died when Claudio lost his head;
As like almost to Claudio as himself.
DUKE[_To Isabella_.] If he be like your brother, for his sake
Is he pardoned; and for your lovely sake,
Give me your hand and say you will be mine.
He is my brother too. But fitter time for that.
By this Lord Angelo perceives he’s safe;
Methinks I see a quick’ning in his eye.
Well, Angelo, your evil quits you well.
Look that you love your wife, her worth worth yours.
I find an apt remission in myself.
And yet here’s one in place I cannot pardon.
[_To Lucio_.] You, sirrah, that knew me for a fool, a coward,
One all of luxury, an ass, a madman.
Wherein have I so deserved of you
That you extol me thus?
LUCIOFaith, my lord, I spoke it but according to the trick. If you will hang
me for it, you may, but I had rather it would please you I might be
whipped.
DUKEWhipped first, sir, and hanged after.
Proclaim it, Provost, round about the city,
If any woman wronged by this lewd fellow,
As I have heard him swear himself there’s one
Whom he begot with child—let her appear,
And he shall marry her. The nuptial finished,
Let him be whipped and hanged.
LUCIOI beseech your Highness, do not marry me to a whore. Your highness said
even now I made you a duke; good my lord, do not recompense me in
making me a cuckold.
DUKEUpon mine honour, thou shalt marry her.
Thy slanders I forgive, and therewithal
Remit thy other forfeits.—Take him to prison,
And see our pleasure herein executed.
LUCIOMarrying a punk, my lord, is pressing to death, whipping, and hanging.
DUKESlandering a prince deserves it.
Exeunt Officers with Lucio.
Exeunt.